Green chemistry for prostate health: exploring nature's toolbox against cancer, inflammation, and hyperplasia

Abstract

This study explores the potential of phytochemicals as an innovative and successful strategy for mitigating symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer. Prostate cancer is the most prevalent and second highest cause of mortality for men, with over 121 million cases worldwide. Finding no comprehensive study on the impact of compounds from all phytochemical classes in the perspectives of prostate disorders, this study analyzed data from a variety of investigations, including preclinical studies, in vitro and in vivo experiments, clinical trials, and cell line investigations, as part of a review of the literature. With a focus on mechanisms such as aging and hormonal factor modulation, apoptosis induction, overcoming inflammation, metabolic crisis, and medication resistance while minimizing side effects, the search concentrated on the effects of natural substances on prostate hyperplastic and malignant cells. The sequel of the study is suggestive of strong anti-hyperplastic and anti-cancerous potentials of phytochemicals in prostate cells. These phytochemicals have the capacity to target several pathways, providing a multifaceted approach to the therapy of BPH and prostate cancer. Interestingly, a large number of these substances exhibit negligible side effects, suggesting their possible use in clinical settings. The study unveils the mechanistic role of compounds belonging to various phytochemical classes in improving life quality and longevity in men with BPH and prostate cancer. Besides associating the existing literature, outcomes of the study ignite encouraging prospects towards further advancements in drug discovery and anticipation for prompt therapies.

Keywords: Apoptosis; Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH); Cell line; Inflammation; Phytochemicals; Prostate cancer.