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. 2025 Jul 23:16:1634090.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1634090. eCollection 2025.

'Immune reset plus': the case for combining immunotherapies to maintain self-tolerance in autoimmune diseases

Fabrina Gaspal  1 , Parth Narendran  1 , Sky T H Ng  1 , Michael J Price  1 , David C Wraith  1
Affiliations

'Immune reset plus': the case for combining immunotherapies to maintain self-tolerance in autoimmune diseases

Fabrina Gaspal et al. Front Immunol. .
No abstract available

Keywords: B cell; antigen-specific immunotherapy; dendritic cell; immune reset; immunological tolerance.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Immune reset plus: this figure illustrates the advantage of combining Immune Reset by B cell depletion with antigen-specific immunotherapy. ASIT with antigens delivered to tolerogenic APC can ‘switch off’ autoreactive T cells while promoting differentiation of antigen-specific regulatory T cell populations. Most importantly, ASIT approaches have been shown to function in B cell depleted animal models. Tolerance induction by ASIT depends on antigen presentation by steady state dendritic cells in lymphoid organs or by APC in the tolerogenic environment of the liver. Immune reset plus ASIT will enable disease to be controlled without continued B cell depletion. This will allow the treated individual to control infections and respond to vaccine.
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