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. 2025 Jul 28:60:101761.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2025.101761. eCollection 2025 Oct.

Relationship between ankle brachial index and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity in hypertension patients with diabetes mellitus

Jinbo Liu  1   2   3 , Xuechen Cui  1 , Shantong Jiang  1 , Jin Wang  1 , Huan Wen  1 , Kun Xiong  1 , Hongwei Zhao  1 , Na Zhao  1 , Hongyu Wang  1   2   3   4   5
Affiliations

Relationship between ankle brachial index and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity in hypertension patients with diabetes mellitus

Jinbo Liu et al. Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc. .

Abstract

Background: Ankle-brachial index (ABI) is used to diagnose peripheral artery disease. Arterial stiffness could be measured by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (CF-PWV). The study was to investigate relationship between ABI and CF-PWV in patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus.

Methods: 1577 patients (M/F 812/765) from Department of Vascular Medicine were enrolled. ABI was recorded by VaseraVS-1000 vascular screening system (Fukuda Denshi, Tokyo, Japan). CF-PWV was recorded by Complior apparatus.

Results: CF-PWV was significantly higher in hypertension patients with diabetes mellitus than hypertension patients without diabetes mellitus (13.77 ± 3.91 vs 11.83 ± 3.26 m/s, p < 0.05). Right ABI was significantly lower in hypertension patients with diabetes mellitus than hypertension patients without diabetes mellitus (1.062 ± 0.163 vs 1.102 ± 0.105, p < 0.05). Right ABI was negatively correlated with age, systolic blood pressure, CF-PWV and creatinine in entire study group (r = -0.081, p = 0.001; r = -0.069,p < 0.001; r = -0.178, p < 0.001; r = -0.124, p < 0.001, respectively). Multiple linear regressions found that CF-PWV, body mass index (BMI), gender, creatinine, total cholesterol, uric acid and diabetes mellitus were independent associating factors of RABI in all patients (β = -0.168, p < 0.001; β = 0.180, p < 0.001; β = -0.189, p < 0.001; β = -0.102, p = 0.008; β = 0.088, p = 0.004; β = -0.100, p = 0.009;β = -0.062, p = 0.043; respectively). CF-PWV, BMI, gender and HDL-C were independent associating factors of left ABI in all patients (β = -0.170, p < 0.001; β = 0.172, p < 0.001; β = -0.104, p = 0.001; β = 0.074, p = 0.023; respectively).

Conclusions: ABI was significantly lower in hypertension patients with diabetes mellitus, with higher level of CF-PWV. CF-PWV was an independent associating factor of ABI, indicating the greater the elasticity of the large arteries, the higher the probability of lower limb artery occlusion.

Keywords: Ankle-brachial index; Arteriosclerosis; Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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