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Review
. 2024 Sep;24(3):30-40.
doi: 10.4314/ahs.v24i3.5.

A systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-Lactamase-Producing Klebsiella Pneumonia in Nigeria

Christian Kelechi Ezeh  1 , Daniel Chinonso Digwo  1 , Irene Amara Okeke  1 , Prisca Chidinma Elebe  1 , Emmanuel Onyedikachi Ezeh  2
Affiliations
Review

A systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-Lactamase-Producing Klebsiella Pneumonia in Nigeria

Christian Kelechi Ezeh et al. Afr Health Sci. 2024 Sep.

Abstract

Background: Rapid emergence and proliferation of extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-KP) constitute a serious health problem globally.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the pooled prevalence of ESBL-KP and ESBL genes in Nigeria.

Methods: A quantitative method (Meta-analysis) design was used to summarize pooled results of primary studies. Different databases [Google Scholar, PubMed, and African Journal Online (AJOL)] were searched for relevant studies. Meta-analysis was done using random-effects model. I2 and Egger test was used to ascertain heterogeneity and publication bias evaluation.

Results: Eighteen observational studies were selected and the pooled prevalence of ESBL-KP in Nigeria was 47.3% [95% confidence interval (CI) 37 - 58%]. Among the genes encoding ESBL, OXA had the highest pooled prevalence in the selected studies [57% (95% CI 32, 76)], followed by TEM [55% (95% CI 36, 70)], CTX-M [54% (95% CI 38, 70)], and 41% (95% CI 27, 57). Heterogeneity tests (I2) was observed to be between 69.22 and 95.63 % for ESBL-KP and ESBL genes in the studies. Egger tests showed no publication bias (0.09 - 0.99).

Conclusions: This meta-analysis demonstrated that the prevalence of ESBL-KP is increasing in Nigeria. Hence, antimicrobial stewardship and infection control measures for the prevention and spread of these strains be implemented.

Keywords: Extended spectrum beta-latamase; Klebsiella Pneumonia; Nigeria; meta-analysis.

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Conflict of interest statement

No conflict of interest to declare.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
PRISMA flowchart for the selection and screening of eligible studies
Figure 2
Figure 2
Forest plot showing pooled prevalence of ESBL-KP
Figure 3
Figure 3
Forest plot showing pooled prevalence of ESBL-KP CTX-M genes
Figure 4
Figure 4
Forest plot showing pooled prevalence of ESBL-KP SHV genes
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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