Evaluation of angiogenic, osteogenic, and antimicrobial potential of novel type X collagen-derived GBR membrane: an in vivo preliminary study

Abstract

The incidence of infection with traditional GBR membranes is a drawback that increases the risk of bone transplant failure. Using an in vivo preclinical model, this unique type X collagen-derived GBR membrane produced from chicken eggs demonstrated angiogenic, osteogenic, and antimicrobial potentials. The aim of the study was to assess the angiogenic, osteogenic, and antibacterial properties of a unique type X collagen-derived GBR membrane. Gelatin, zinc nanoparticles, and eggshell membranes were used to create GBR membranes produced from type X collagen. Each experiment was performed three times to ensure accuracy and precision in characterizing the unique GBR membrane using SEM and EDX analysis. MTT assay was used to examine the osteogenic properties of MG63 cells. Antimicrobial activity against Propionibacterium gingivalis was ascertained using the Kirby-Bauer test. Angiogenic properties were evaluated using the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) test. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted for cases in which P < 0.05. The GBR membrane, made from type X collagen, exhibited sufficient tensile strength. The presence of zinc, with a mass percentage of 22.14 ± 0.46, was confirmed by EDX examination. When tested against P. gingivalis, a broad zone of inhibition was observed. The MTT assay demonstrated the presence of a novel type X collagen-derived GBR membrane (2.57 OD) that showed definite changes in the proliferation of MG 63 cells. After 8 days of incubation, histological staining showed that the incubated CAM had a strong angiogenic ability, with numerous allantoic capillaries developing and radiating toward the novel GBR membrane. The biosynthesized novel GBR membrane showed high angiogenic, osteogenic, and bactericidal properties, which were statistically significant (P < 0.005). The novel GBR membrane showed angiogenic, osteogenic, and antimicrobial potentials.

Keywords: Bone regeneration; CAM assay; Eggshell membrane; GBR; Zinc nanoparticles.