Cardiovascular involvement in Sweet's syndrome: A practical review

Abstract

Sweet's syndrome, also referred to as acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, presents a constellation of clinical features including fever, tender erythematous skin lesions, peripheral neutrophilia, and a predominant dermal infiltrate of neutrophils. This uncommon condition may arise through drug-induced mechanisms, as a secondary condition to malignant diseases, or idiopathically. Importantly, extracutaneous manifestations, including cardiovascular involvement such as arteritis, acute myocarditis, or coronary artery disease, frequently contribute to the intricacy of the clinical presentation. Despite its significance, the literature on Sweet's syndrome with cardiovascular implications remains sparse, leading to ambiguity in clinical management. In this context, we highlight the need for a heightened index of suspicion to establish a diagnosis of Sweet's syndrome with concurrent cardiovascular involvement, alongside considerations for treatment approaches and post-diagnostic monitoring strategies.

Keywords: Arteritis; Coronary artery disease; Myocarditis; Sweet syndrome.

Figure 1

Cardiovascular involvement in Sweet’s Syndrome: an approach algorithm.