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Editorial
. 2025 Aug 13.
doi: 10.1007/s11695-025-08159-y. Online ahead of print.

From BMI to Disease Diagnosis: What Clinical and Pre-clinical Obesity Mean for Surgeons

Francesco Rubino  1 , Wendy A Brown  2 , Philip R Schauer  3 , Francois Pattou  4 , Ricardo V Cohen  5
Affiliations
Editorial

From BMI to Disease Diagnosis: What Clinical and Pre-clinical Obesity Mean for Surgeons

Francesco Rubino et al. Obes Surg. .
No abstract available

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Competing interests: FR reports research grants from Ethicon (Johnson & Johnson), Novo Nordisk and Medtronic; Speaking honoraria from Medtronic, Ethicon, Novo Nordisk, Eli Lilly, Amgen, Astra Zeneca. FR is also member of Data and Safety Monitoring Board(DSMB)for GI Metabolic Solution Inc and President of Metabolic Health Institute (non-profit).WAB reports: Grants from Johnson and Johnson, Medtronic, GORE, Applied Medical, Novo Nordisc, NHMRC, Myerton and the Australian Commonwealth Government. Personal fees from Johnson and Johnson, GORE, Novo Nordisc, Pfizer, Medtronic, Lily and Merck Sharpe and Dohme for lectures and advisory boards.Philip R. Schauer reports receiving research grants from the National Institutes of Health, Ethicon and Medtronic; receiving personal consulting fees or honoraria from GI Dynamics; Keyron; Mediflix, Metabolic Health International, LTD, Heron, Novo Nordisk, Klens; serving on scientific advisory boards for SE Healthcare Board of Directors; Lilly, GI Dynamics ; Keyron; Regeneron; Mediflix, and having ownership interest in SE Healthcare LLC, Mediflix, Metabolic Health International, LTD. FP reports payed lectures and fees from Lilly, Novo Nordisk, Medtronic and Ethicon. RVC received grants from Johnson & Johnson and Medtronic (paid to institution); consulting fees from Regeneron; honoraria from Johnson & Johnson, Medtronic, Novo Nordisk, Merck, and Boston Scientific; participated on scientific advisory boards for Johnson & Johnson, Morphic Medical, and Medtronic.

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