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Review
. 2025 Jul 29;13(15):1847.
doi: 10.3390/healthcare13151847.

Evaluating Maturity Models in Healthcare Information Systems: A Comprehensive Review

Jorge Gomes  1 , Mário Romão  2
Affiliations
Review

Evaluating Maturity Models in Healthcare Information Systems: A Comprehensive Review

Jorge Gomes et al. Healthcare (Basel). .

Abstract

Healthcare Information Systems (HISs) are essential for improving care quality, managing chronic diseases, and supporting clinical decision-making. Despite significant investments, HIS implementations often fail due to the complexity of healthcare environments. Maturity Models (MMs) have emerged as tools to guide organizational improvement by assessing readiness, process efficiency, technology adoption, and interoperability. This study presents a comprehensive literature review identifying 45 Maturity Models used across various healthcare domains, including telemedicine, analytics, business intelligence, and electronic medical records. These models, often based on Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI), vary in structure, scope, and maturity stages. The findings demonstrate that structured maturity assessments help healthcare organizations plan, implement, and optimize HIS more effectively, leading to enhanced clinical and operational performance. This review contributes to an understanding of how different MMs can support healthcare digital transformation and provides a resource for selecting appropriate models based on specific organizational goals and technological contexts.

Keywords: HIS implementation; Health Information Technology (HIT); Healthcare Information Systems (HISs); Maturity Models; digital health; health system performance; interoperability; process management.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Figure 1
The organizational change process.
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