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Editorial
. 2025 Aug 1;26(15):7461.
doi: 10.3390/ijms26157461.

Special Issue "Molecular Mechanisms and Treatment of Allergic Reactions"

Georgina Hopkins  1 , Lucy C Fairclough  1
Affiliations
Editorial

Special Issue "Molecular Mechanisms and Treatment of Allergic Reactions"

Georgina Hopkins et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Allergic diseases are increasing worldwide and affect approximately 10-30% of individuals [...].

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Summary of cells of origin, characteristics, and effects of S. aureus, M. sympodialis, and mast-cell-derived EVs. S. aureus EVs decrease keratinocyte viability and increase antibiotic resistance, epidermal thickening, and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The direction of the effect seems to be towards the promotion of AD pathogenesis. Similarly, Malassezia-derived EVs increase allergen dissemination, skin barrier degradation, and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, by increasing lymphocyte activation, dendritic cell maturation, and Th2 differentiation while decreasing free IgE, host mast cell EVs seem to have a protective tendency in AD. Created using BioRender. Adopted from [6].
Figure 2
Figure 2
Summary of PAF-metabolism-associated gene expression in CRSwNP. Cluster 2 of CRSwNP, which exhibits severe type 2 inflammation, has a high PAF-associated pathophysiology with the upregulation of PAF synthesis (LPCAT1) and the downregulation of PAF degradation (PAFAH2), leading to local PAF accumulation and intensification of the effects of PAF signalling via the upregulation of PTAFR. Adopted from [7].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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