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. 2025 Aug 1;8(8):e2527389.
doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.27389.

Cervical Cancer Outcomes in Women With HIV in the Age of Antiretroviral Therapy

Alison K Yoder  1 , Rehema J Thomas  1 , Austin Huang  2 , Anushka Mandalapu  1 , Dana M Roque  3 , Kristina Bowles  4 , Kevin Albuquerque  5 , Christina Son  6   7 , Michelle S Ludwig  8 , Kimberly Levinson  9 , Anna E Coghill  4 , Elizabeth Yu Chiao  10 , Lilie L Lin  1
Affiliations

Cervical Cancer Outcomes in Women With HIV in the Age of Antiretroviral Therapy

Alison K Yoder et al. JAMA Netw Open. .
No abstract available

Plain language summary

This cross-sectional study investigates the outcomes for women living with HIV and cervical cancer in the US after the emergence of antiretroviral therapy.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Chiao reported receiving grants from National Institutes of Health during the conduct of the study and outside the submitted work. Dr Lin reported receiving grants from Pfizer, AstraZeneca, and Varian Medical Systems as well as honoraria for serving on the scientific advisory board of Merck outside the submitted work. No other disclosures were reported.

Figures

Figure.
Figure.. Kaplan-Meier Curves Comparing Local Control, Distant Metastasis-Free Survival, Disease-Free Survival, and Overall Survival for Women Without HIV (WWH), Women Living With HIV Who Adhered to Antiretroviral Therapy (WLWH-A), and WLWH Who Were Nonadherent to ART (WLWH-N)
Local recurrence was defined as disease recurrence within the cervix, vagina, parametria, or regional nodes. Distant recurrence was defined as disease recurrence in another organ or nonregional lymph node. Disease-free survival was defined from the date of initial biopsy confirming cervical cancer to the date of first recurrence or last follow-up. Five-year local control rates did not differ by HIV status and adherence to ART (WWH, 80% [95% CI, 72%-86%], WLWH-A, 84% [95% CI, 60%-94%], and WLWH-N, 72% [95% CI, 45%-87%]; P = .29), and neither did DMFS (WWOH, 76% [95% CI, 67%-82%], WLWH-A, 81% [95% CI, 56%-92%], and WLWH-N, 69% [95% CI, 44%-85%]; P = .68). Five-year DFS was 60% (95% CI, 51%-68%) in WWH, 81% (95% CI, 56%-92%) in WLWH-A patients, and 43% (95% CI, 25%-59%) in WLWH-N patients (P < .001). Five-year OS was 73% (95% CI, 63%-80%) in WWH, 95% (95% CI, 69%-99%) in WLWH-A, and 53% (95% CI, 34%-69%) WLWH-N patients, respectively (P < .001). Nonadherence with ART was associated with worse DFS (WLWH-A HR, 0.41 [95% CI, 0.15-1.12]; P = .08; WLWH-N HR, 1.81 [95% CI, 1.10-2.98]; P = .02), and OS (WLWH-A HR, 0.16 [95% CI, 0.02-1.18]; P = .07; WLWH-N HR, 2.34 [95% CI, 1.32-4.15]; P = .004) on multivariate analysis.
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