A qualitative study on the post-discharge self-management experiences and needs of patients with secondary lymphedema

Abstract

Guided by the Chronic Illness Trajectory Framework, this study aimed to explore the post-discharge self-management experiences of patients with secondary lymphedema following lymphovenous anastomosis surgery, providing evidence for developing targeted interventions. A descriptive phenomenological design was employed. Through purposive sampling, 16 participants who underwent lymphovenous anastomosis surgery were recruited in February 2025. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and analyzed using Colaizzi phenomenological analysis method. Within the dimensional framework of the Chronic Illness Trajectory Model, 7 main themes emerged regarding patients' home-based self-management experiences: inadequate knowledge of postoperative lymphedema rehabilitation, improper self-management practices, barriers to accessing disease management information, challenges in daily life, recognition of and hope for social support, insufficient capacity to manage internal stress, and acceptance of the disease and self-reconciliation. Patients after lymphovenous anastomosis surgery experience multidimensional challenges including informational gaps, functional impairments, and psychosocial adaptation difficulties. A trajectory-oriented care model integrating stepped education, adaptive symptom management, and multidisciplinary support is recommended.

Keywords: chronic disease trajectory framework; phenomenological research; secondary lymphedema; self-care.