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. 2025 Aug 19:10731911251357462.
doi: 10.1177/10731911251357462. Online ahead of print.

Maladaptive Personality Traits in Primary Care: Validation of the German Modified Brief Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID5BF + M)

Christopher Ebert  1   2 , Tim Oser  3 , Philipp Sterner  2   4 , Johannes Zimmermann  5 , Jochen Gensichen  1   2 , Victoria von Schrottenberg  3 ; POKAL-Group*
Collaborators, Affiliations
Free article

Maladaptive Personality Traits in Primary Care: Validation of the German Modified Brief Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID5BF + M)

Christopher Ebert et al. Assessment. .
Free article

Abstract

This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the modified brief Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID5BF + M) in primary care (PC) using data from n = 1,030 German patients. Furthermore, differences in maladaptive personality traits between PC patients and the general population were explored. Confirmatory factor analysis supported factorial validity (CFI = 0.949, TLI = 0.942, RMSEA = 0.044, and SRMR = 0.058). Reliability was adequate across domain scales (ωH: 0.75-0.85). PID5BF + M total and domain scale scores, particularly negative affectivity, correlated significantly positively with depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7), and somatic symptoms (PHQ-15), indicating convergent validity. Regression analyses showed PC to be associated with lower levels of maladaptive personality traits, compared with a representative German population sample (n = 4,172). These findings highlight the PID5BF + M as a valid and reliable tool for assessing personality pathology and maladaptive traits in PC, enabling general practitioners to screen for transdiagnostic indicators of mental health conditions.

Keywords: PID-5; general practitioner; personality disorders; primary care; psychopathology; transdiagnostic approach; validation.

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