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. 2025 Aug 19;8(8):CD016138.
doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD016138.

Virtual reality-related exercise for people with chronic kidney disease undergoing haemodialysis

Hiroki Nishiwaki  1   2   3   4 , William Mm Levack  5 , Takeshi Hasegawa  3   6   7 , Hisashi Noma  3   8 , Erika Ota  3   9 , Taihei Suzuki  3   6 , Yoshitaka Watanabe  10 , Naonori Tashiro  3   11 , Yunan Han  12 , Davey Li  12 , Tanika N Kelly  2
Affiliations

Virtual reality-related exercise for people with chronic kidney disease undergoing haemodialysis

Hiroki Nishiwaki et al. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. .

Abstract

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To evaluate the benefits and harms of virtual reality (VR)-based exercise for improving mental health, physical function, and quality of life (QoL), as well as assessing adverse events during dialysis, in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing haemodialysis compared to exercise interventions without VR or standard treatment alone.

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Conflict of interest statement

HNishiwaki received lecture fee from Astellas Pharma and Novartis

WL: Employee of the University of Otago, member of Cochrane Rehabilitation Advisory Committee and has no commercial or non‐commercial conflicts of interest relevant to this review. He was not involved in the editorial process for this protocol.

TH, EO, TS, YW, NT, HT, YH, DL and TK: No commercial or non‐commercial conflicts of interest relevant to this review.

HNoma received a grant from GlaxoSmithKline.

References

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