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Review
. 2025 Jul-Aug;16(4):e70026.
doi: 10.1002/wrna.70026.

Role of the U1 snRNP Complex in Human Health and Disease

Ericks S Soares  1 , Caio Bruno Q S Leal  1 , Vanessa V C Sinatti  1 , Rafael M Bottós  1 , Camila G M Zimmer  1
Affiliations
Review

Role of the U1 snRNP Complex in Human Health and Disease

Ericks S Soares et al. Wiley Interdiscip Rev RNA. 2025 Jul-Aug.

Abstract

The U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) complex is crucial for pre-mRNA splicing and the regulation of gene expression. As a core component of the spliceosome, it is responsible for recognizing 5'-splice sites and initiating the splicing process. Each subunit of this complex performs specific functions in the assembly and stabilization of the spliceosomal machinery. In addition to its classical role in splicing, the U1 snRNP complex is also involved in telescripting, a process that prevents premature polyadenylation. Dysregulation of U1 snRNP components has been associated with various disorders, including neurodegeneration, cancer, and autoimmune and eye diseases. Understanding the precise mechanisms of U1 snRNP complex dysregulation provides valuable insights into the molecular basis of these diseases, offering potential pathways for therapeutic intervention and prevention. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease RNA Processing > Splicing Mechanisms.

Keywords: RNA processing; U1 snRNP complex; disease mechanisms; premature polyadenylation; splicing.

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