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. 2025 Aug 19;24(1):1086.
doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-03752-z.

The effect of a family health nurse model on blood sugar control in middle-aged prediabetics: a randomized clinical trial (RCT)

Atefeh Afshari  1 , Mahrokh Keshvari  2 , Ziba Farajzadegan  3 , Mohammad Azadmanesh  4
Affiliations

The effect of a family health nurse model on blood sugar control in middle-aged prediabetics: a randomized clinical trial (RCT)

Atefeh Afshari et al. BMC Nurs. .

Abstract

Background: Prediabetes is a reversible condition, and timely interventions can prevent long-term complications. Family support is crucial in managing this condition. This study evaluated the impact of a family health nurse (FHN) model for blood sugar control in middle-aged prediabetic individuals.

Method: This study adheres to the CONSORT 2010 statement guidelines. This study is a clinical trial involving 72 prediabetic middle-aged individuals from health service centers in Isfahan in 2023. The participants were selected through convenience sampling on the basis of the inclusion criteria and randomly assigned to the intervention or control groups. Data collection included a glucose meter, a calibrated scale, a demographic information form, and blood tests for HbA1c and fasting blood sugar (FBS). 15 training sessions based on the FHN model were conducted for the intervention group. Assessments were conducted before the intervention and three months later. The data were analyzed via SPSS v26 with descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results: The research findings indicated no significant difference in FBS or HbA1c levels between the two groups before the FHN model was implemented (P > 0.05). However, significant differences were observed immediately after the intervention and three months after the intervention (P < 0.001). Results showed that the mean hemoglobin A1c score in the intervention group decreased from 5.41 mmol/L before the intervention to 5.27 mmol/L three months later (p value < 0.05). In the control group, the mean score increased from 5.88 mmol/L to 6.05 mmol/L, but this change was not statistically significant (p value > 0.05). These results highlight the potential of the family health nurse model to improve blood sugar control in prediabetic individuals.

Conclusion: This study indicates that a family-centered intervention using the FHN model can effectively enhance healthy lifestyle behaviors and blood sugar levels in prediabetic patients. These findings suggest that the model may be helpful for researchers and health practitioners, and we recommend its evaluation and implementation in broader communities.

Clinical trial registration: This research was registered (26/07/2023) in the https://www.irct.ir with registration number: IRCT20230516058206N1).

Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12912-025-03752-z.

Keywords: Diabetes; Family nursing; Middle-aged individuals; Prediabetes.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Ethical approval: We obtained informed consent to participate from all participants. Following a thorough review in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki by the World Medical Association, This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, with the code IR.MUI.NUREMA.REC.1402.054. All trial protocols were approved by the Iranian Clinical Trials Registry (WHO subgroup) under clinical trial registration number IRCT20230516058206N1(2023-07-26). Consent to participate: Participants completed an informed consent from after learning the research objectives and procedures. They were also guaranteed anonymity and the confidentiality of their data would be strictly protected. They were informed about the voluntary nature of their participation and the option to withdraw without consequences. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Declaration of AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process: The authors declare that no AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing this manuscript. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

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