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Multicenter Study
. 2025 Aug 27;15(1):31607.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-16401-x.

Neonatal mortality and survival of low-birth-weight infants at hospitals in indonesia, a multi center study

Ekawaty Lutfia Haksari  1 , Gatot Irawan  2 , Setya Dewi Lusyati  3 , Tunjung Wibowo  4 , Ari Yunanto  5 , Prambudi Rukmono  6 , Pertin Sianturi  7 , Ema Alasiry  8 , Aris Primadi  9 , Samad  10 , M Basalamah  11 , Risa Etika  12 , Rocky Wilar  13 , Nani Dharmasetiawani  14
Affiliations
Multicenter Study

Neonatal mortality and survival of low-birth-weight infants at hospitals in indonesia, a multi center study

Ekawaty Lutfia Haksari et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

The first month of life is the most vulnerable period for child survival. Newborns who are born too soon or too small, or sick, are at the greatest risk of death. Objective of the study was to delve into neonatal mortality and low birth weight (LBW) survival at hospitals in Indonesia. It was a retrospective cohort on the neonates cared at 12 hospitals in various islands of Indonesia during August-October 2021. Inclusion criteria were singleton and age 0-28 days, whereas exclusion criteria were incomplete medical records and gestational age ≥ 42 weeks. Of 2726 neonates, 2017 were eligible for the study. Multivariate logistic regression analysis exhibited LBW had the highest mortality risk, followed by referral neonates. The highest mortality risks at birth were asphyxia and major congenital abnormalities, subsequently. During the early neonatal period, the highest mortality risks were respiratory distress and feeding problem, consecutively. At 7-28 days of life, the feeding problem was the highest mortality risk. Kaplan Meier analysis suggested early neonatal death in LBW and Normal Birth Weight (NBW) infants was almost similar at aged 6 days. At neonatal period, however, the average age of neonatal death in LBW infants was 21 days, whereas in NBW 26 days.

Keywords: Hospitals; Indonesia; Low birth weight; Multicenter study; Neonatal mortality.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical clearance was obtained from the Medical and Health Research Ethics Committee (MHREC). Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada- Dr Sardjito General Hospital. Ref No: KE/FK/0895/EC/2021.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Study course.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Kaplan Meier survival curve of neonatal mortality at age < 7 days.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Kaplan Meier survival curve of neonatal mortality at age 28 days.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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