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. 2025 Sep;97(9):e70549.
doi: 10.1002/jmv.70549.

Community and Hospital-Based Laboratory Surveillance for Influenza, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, and SARS-CoV-2 During the 2023-2024 Season, Lyon, France

Cécile Chauvel  1   2 , Jean-Sébastien Casalegno  3   4 , Benoit Visseaux  5 , Vincent Vieillefond  6 , Stéphanie Haim-Boukozba  7 , Vincent Enouf  8 , Emmanuel Chanard  9 , Margaux Fabre  10 , Marie-Anne Rameix-Welti  8   11 , Antoine Oblette  3   4 , Jean-Marc Giannoli  12   13 , Juliette Paireau  14   15 , Laurence Josset  3   4 , Bruno Lina  3   4 , Alexandre Gaymard  3   4 , Simon Cauchemez  14 , Florence Morfin  3   4 , Marta C Nunes  1   2 , Antonin Bal  3   4
Affiliations

Community and Hospital-Based Laboratory Surveillance for Influenza, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, and SARS-CoV-2 During the 2023-2024 Season, Lyon, France

Cécile Chauvel et al. J Med Virol. 2025 Sep.

Abstract

Influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and SARS-CoV-2 are among the main respiratory viruses circulating in the population, with a significant burden on public health. While individuals at higher risk are more likely to develop severe symptoms leading to hospitalization, viral circulation in the community remains less extensively monitored. This study compared viral circulation between RELAB, a recently established community-based laboratory surveillance network (n = 22 843 tested patients) and hospital surveillance at the Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (n = 23 046 tested patients), for the season 2023-2024. For influenza and SARS-CoV-2, similar trends were observed in at-risk populations (children under 5 years and adults over 65 years) in both settings. Circulation of these two viruses was first detected in the community and insights from the young adult population (19-64 years) were only captured in the community network. Circulation of RSV was more intense in terms of number of cases and started in the pediatric population, and consequently was more represented in the hospital setting. In conclusion, this study highlighted the complementarity between community and hospital surveillance, as different populations and periods of viral circulation were observed.

Keywords: RSV; SARS‐CoV‐2; community; hospital; influenza; surveillance network.

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Conflict of interest statement

M.C.N. reports grants from Sanofi and personal fees from Pfizer and Sanofi. The other authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Age pyramid of the patients positive to each virus.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Weekly number of detected cases, positivity rates, and effective reproduction numbers for each virus over time. Pos. rate, positivity rate.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Weekly number of detected cases and positivity rates of influenza by age group over time.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Weekly number of detected cases and positivity rates for RSV by age group over time.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Weekly number of detected cases and positivity rates infected by SARS‐CoV‐2 by age group over time.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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