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. 2025 Aug 22;135(8):082501.
doi: 10.1103/jdhf-hn4l.

Half-Life and Precision Shape Measurement of the 2νββ Decay of ^{130}Te

D Q Adams  1 , C Alduino  1 , K Alfonso  2 , A Armatol  3 , F T Avignone  1 , O Azzolini  4 , G Bari  5 , F Bellini  6   7 , G Benato  8   9 , M Beretta  10   11 , M Biassoni  11 , A Branca  10   11 , C Brofferio  10   11 , C Bucci  9 , J Camilleri  2 , A Caminata  12 , A Campani  12   13 , J Cao  14 , C Capelli  3 , S Capelli  10   11 , L Cappelli  9 , L Cardani  7 , P Carniti  10   11 , N Casali  7 , E Celi  8   9 , D Chiesa  10   11 , M Clemenza  11 , S Copello  15 , O Cremonesi  11 , R J Creswick  1 , A D'Addabbo  9 , I Dafinei  7 , S Dell'Oro  10   11 , S Di Domizio  12   13 , S Di Lorenzo  9 , T Dixon  16 , D Q Fang  14 , M Faverzani  10   11 , E Ferri  11 , F Ferroni  7   8 , E Fiorini  10   11 , M A Franceschi  17 , S J Freedman  3   18 , S H Fu  9   14 , B K Fujikawa  3 , S Ghislandi  8   9 , A Giachero  10   11 , M Girola  10   11 , L Gironi  10   11 , A Giuliani  16 , P Gorla  9 , C Gotti  11 , P V Guillaumon  9 , T D Gutierrez  19 , K Han  20 , E V Hansen  18 , K M Heeger  21 , D L Helis  9 , H Z Huang  22 , M T Hurst  23 , G Keppel  4 , Yu G Kolomensky  3   18 , R Kowalski  24 , R Liu  21 , L Ma  14   22 , Y G Ma  14 , L Marini  9 , R H Maruyama  21 , D Mayer  3   18   25 , Y Mei  3 , M N Moore  21 , T Napolitano  17 , M Nastasi  10   11 , C Nones  26 , E B Norman  27 , A Nucciotti  10   11 , I Nutini  11 , T O'Donnell  28 , M Olmi  9 , B T Oregui  24 , S Pagan  21 , C E Pagliarone  9   29 , L Pagnanini  8   9 , M Pallavicini  12   13 , L Pattavina  10   11 , M Pavan  10   11 , G Pessina  11 , V Pettinacci  7 , C Pira  4 , S Pirro  9 , E G Pottebaum  21 , S Pozzi  11 , E Previtali  10   11 , A Puiu  9 , S Quitadamo  8   9 , A Ressa  7 , C Rosenfeld  1 , B Schmidt  26 , R Serino  10   16 , A Shaikina  8   9 , V Sharma  23 , V Singh  18 , M Sisti  11 , D Speller  24 , P T Surukuchi  23 , L Taffarello  30 , C Tomei  7 , A Torres  2 , J A Torres  21 , K J Vetter  3   18   25 , M Vignati  6   7 , S L Wagaarachchi  3   18 , B Welliver  3   18 , J Wilson  1 , K Wilson  1 , L A Winslow  25 , F Xie  14 , T Zhu  18 , S Zimmermann  31 , S Zucchelli  5   32 , D Castillo  33   34 , J Kotila  35   36 , J Menéndez  33   34 , O Niţescu  36   37 , F Šimkovic  38   39 ; CUORE Collaboration
Affiliations
Free article

Half-Life and Precision Shape Measurement of the 2νββ Decay of ^{130}Te

D Q Adams et al. Phys Rev Lett. .
Free article

Abstract

We present a new measurement of the 2νββ half-life of ^{130}Te (T_{1/2}^{2ν}) using the first complete model of the CUORE data, based on 1038 kg yr of collected exposure. Thanks to optimized data selection, we achieve a factor of two improvement in precision, obtaining T_{1/2}^{2ν}=(9.32 _{-0.04}^{+0.05}stat _{-0.07}^{+0.07}syst)×10^{20} yr. The signal-to-background ratio is increased by 70% compared to our previous results, enabling the first application of the improved 2νββ formalism to ^{130}Te. Within this framework, we determine a credibility interval for the effective axial coupling in the nuclear medium as a function of nuclear matrix elements. We also extract values for the higher-order nuclear matrix element ratios: second-to-first and third-to-first. The second-to-first ratio agrees with nuclear model predictions, while the third-to-first ratio deviates from theoretical expectations. These findings provide essential tests of nuclear models and key inputs for future 0νββ searches.

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