Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2025 Sep 2;8(9):e2531345.
doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.31345.

Active Constituents of Psilocybin Mushroom Edibles

Richard B van Breemen  1 , Daniel Simchuk  1 , Bjorn Fritzsche  2 , Daniel Huson  2 , Scott A Kuzdzal  3 , Jonathan Ferguson  3
Affiliations

Active Constituents of Psilocybin Mushroom Edibles

Richard B van Breemen et al. JAMA Netw Open. .
No abstract available

Plain language summary

This case series evaluates the active constituents of unregulated psilocybin mushroom edibles.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None reported.

References

    1. Dinis-Oliveira RJ. Metabolism of psilocybin and psilocin: clinical and forensic toxicological relevance. Drug Metab Rev. 2017;49(1):84-91. doi: 10.1080/03602532.2016.1278228 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Environmental health studies: severe illness potentially associated with consuming Diamond ShruumzTM brand chocolate bars, cones, and gummies. November 4, 2024. Accessed July 8, 2025. https://www.cdc.gov/environmental-health-studies/outbreak-investigation-...
    1. Oregon Health Authority . Oregon Health Authority issues first psilocybin laboratory license. April 21, 2023. Accessed July 8, 2025. https://content.govdelivery.com/accounts/ORDHS/bulletins/3561877
    1. White CM. The pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and adverse events associated with kava. J Clin Pharmacol. 2018;58(11):1396-1405. doi: 10.1002/jcph.1263 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Correia MS, Gonzaga MJ, Temple C, Gerona RR. Quantitative analysis of recreational psychoactive mushroom gummies in Portland, Oregon. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2025;63(4):261-266. doi: 10.1080/15563650.2025.2450240 - DOI - PubMed