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Review
. 2026 Jan;26(1):100514.
doi: 10.1016/j.clinme.2025.100514. Epub 2025 Sep 12.

Diabetes and transplantation

Dorcas Mukuba  1 , Ritwika Mallik  2 , Tahseen A Chowdhury  3
Affiliations
Review

Diabetes and transplantation

Dorcas Mukuba et al. Clin Med (Lond). 2026 Jan.

Abstract

Transplantation is both a cause of, and a therapy for, diabetes. Solid organ transplantation requires immunosuppressive regimens that frequently cause temporary or permanent hyperglycaemia, which can influence the outcome of allograft function and also increase cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Post-transplant diabetes should be actively screened for and managed in the early post-transplant period, and should also be screened for long term in all solid organ transplant recipients. Transplantation of whole pancreas or pancreatic islets is a long-established therapy for people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and severe hypoglycaemia unawareness. Both procedures may be done in association with other solid organ transplants, most commonly with kidney transplantation. They can induce insulin independence and improve allograft survival. Recently, stem cell-derived therapy for T1D has been shown to be possible in humans and is likely to become an important therapy for people living with T1D.

Keywords: Diabetes; Islet transplantation; Kidney transplantation; Pancreas transplantation.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest Tahseen Chowdhury is an advisory board member of Clinical Medicine. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig. 1
Pathway for diagnosis and management of PTDM.
Fig 1
Fig. 1
Pathway for diagnosis and management of PTDM.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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    1. American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee 2. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes: standards of care in diabetes—2025. Diabetes Care. 2024;48(Supplement_1):S27–S49. - PMC - PubMed

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