Exploring resource profiles among trauma exposed youth: An identity-focused, cultural, and person-centered approach
- PMID: 40947031
- DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2025.120298
Exploring resource profiles among trauma exposed youth: An identity-focused, cultural, and person-centered approach
Abstract
Objective: Resilience is a multi-faceted construct comprised of both internal and external resources that support adaptive functioning following trauma exposure. The role of resilience in ameliorating internalizing symptoms may depend on its typology as opposed to its presence alone, suggesting the existence of distinct subpopulations with heterogeneous resource profiles. The current study employs Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) to identify and characterize profiles of resilience-related resources among youth exposed to trauma from an identity-focused, cultural lens.
Method: Patterns of resources were examined in 1,538 youth (Mage = 13.4, 51.9% female) from a large longitudinal registry of trauma exposed youth in Texas using LPA. Profiles were related to demographic variables and internalizing symptoms (post-traumatic stress symptoms [PTSS], depression, and anxiety) using multinomial regression.
Results: Results demonstrated an optimal four-class solution (Low Social Support and Average ERI, 31.2 %; Average Level of Protective Factors, 27.4 %; Ethnic Identity Diffusion, 18.1 %; Social Support Dominant, 23.2 %). Depressive symptoms significantly differentiated between classes in the four-class model as well as youth race, age, and ethnicity. Anxiety symptoms and PTSS did not differentiate the classes as clearly.
Conclusion: Person-centered analyses such as LPA underscore the value of examining resilience as a multi-faceted and heterogenous pattern of resources shaped by socio-ecological and cultural contexts among trauma-exposed youth. Implications for clinical intervention are discussed.
Keywords: Ethnic-racial identity; PVEST; Resilience; Social support; Trauma exposure.
Copyright © 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Conflict of interest statement
Declaration of competing interest Dr. Onyeka receives research support from the National Institute of Mental Health (3U01MH125062-03S2), the International OCD Foundation, and the Texas Child Mental Health Care Consortium. Dr. Clark receives research support from the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (5R01AA020116), the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Development (5R01HD104297) and the state of Texas. Dr. Rousseau receives research support from NIH grants (LM014306, GM141476, AG077017, MH120599). Dr. Wagner receives grant support from the State of Texas and the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (AA029090). Dr. Guzick reports receiving grant funding to his institution from the Ream Foundation and the NIH. Dr. Storch reports receiving research funding to his institution from the Ream Foundation, International OCD Foundation, and NIH. He was a consultant for Brainsway and Biohaven Pharmaceuticals in the past 24 months. He owns stock less than $5000 in NView (for distribution of the Y-BOCS and CY-BOCS). He receives book royalties from Elsevier, Wiley, Oxford, American Psychological Association, Guildford, Springer, Routledge, and Jessica Kingsley. Dr. Newport has received research support from Eli Lilly, Glaxo SmithKline (GSK), Janssen, the National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression (NARSAD), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Navitor, Reunion Neuroscience, Sage Therapeutics, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, the Texas Health & Human Services Commission, and Wyeth. He has served on speakers' bureaus and/or received honoraria from Astra-Zeneca, Eli Lilly, GSK, Pfizer and Wyeth. He has served on advisory boards for GSK, Janssen, Merck, and Sage Therapeutics. He has served as a consultant to Sage Therapeutics. Neither he nor family members have ever held equity positions in biomedical or pharmaceutical corporations. Dr. Nemeroff is supported by the National Institutes of Health, the National Institute of Mental Health, and the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Charles Nemeroff is a consultant for ANeuroTech (division Anima BV), Janssen Research and Development, BioXcel Therapeutics, Engrail Therapeutics, Clexio Biosciences LTD, EmbarkNeuro, Galen Mental Health LLC, Goodcap Pharmaceuticals, ITI Inc., LUCY Scientific Discovery, Relmada Therapeutics, Sage Therapeutics, Senseye Inc., Precisement Health, Autobahn Therapeutics Inc., EMA Wellness, Skyland Trails, Denovo Biopharma, Alvogen, Acadia Pharmaceuticals, Inc., and the Brain & Behavior Research Foundation. Charles Nemeroff owns the following patents: Method and devices for transdermal delivery of lithium (US 6,375,990B1), Method of assessing antidepressant drug therapy via transport inhibition of monoamine neurotransmitters by ex vivo assay (US 7,148,027B2), Compounds, Compositions, Methods of Synthesis, and Methods of Treatment (CRF Receptor Binding Ligand) (US 8551, 996 B2). Charles Nemeroff owns stock in Corcept Therapeutics Company, EMA Wellness, Precisement Health, Relmada Therapeutics, Signant Health, Galen Mental Health LLC, and Senseye Inc. Drs. Pinciotti, Stewart, Sandoval, Taylor, Garza, Riddle, Liberzon, Shahidullah, Rousseau, and Wagner have no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest. Sina Sanei and Jessica “Szu-Chi” Cheng also have no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest.