Challenges in using intraoperative nausea and vomiting as a primary outcome in network meta-analyses of cesarean delivery

Affiliations

¹ Department of Anesthesiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-19-18, Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan. d.sakamaki@jikei.ac.jp.
² Department of Obstetric Anesthesiology, Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.

Comment

Daisuke Sakamaki et al. J Anesth. 2025.

. 2025 Sep 15.

doi: 10.1007/s00540-025-03579-7. Online ahead of print.

¹ Department of Anesthesiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-19-18, Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan. d.sakamaki@jikei.ac.jp.
² Department of Obstetric Anesthesiology, Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.

No abstract available

Keywords: Cesarean delivery; Hypotension; Intraoperative nausea and vomiting; Network meta-analysis; Vasopressor.

Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Conflict of interest: None.

Norepinephrine vs. phenylephrine for spinal hypotension in cesarean section: a network meta-analysis.
Imai E, Kataoka Y, Watanabe J, Okano H, Kamimura Y, Tsuji T, Ogura Y, Kodaira A, Yamazaki T. Imai E, et al. J Anesth. 2025 Dec;39(6):849-868. doi: 10.1007/s00540-025-03528-4. Epub 2025 Jun 16. J Anesth. 2025. PMID: 40522505

1. Imai E, Kataoka Y, Watanabe J, Okano H, Kamimura Y, Tsuji T, et al. Norepinephrine vs. phenylephrine for spinal hypotension in cesarean section: a network meta-analysis. J Anesth. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00540-025-03528-4 . - DOI - PubMed
1. Demilew M, Alamneh TS, Admasie A, Dagne K. Prevalence of intraoperative nausea and vomiting and associated factors among women undergoing cesarean section under spinal anesthesia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2025;25(1):145.
1. Ashagrie HE, Wondimu A, Fentahun N, Yimer H. Incidence and contributing factors of intraoperative nausea and vomiting among parturients undergoing cesarean section under spinal anesthesia in low-resource settings. Perioper Care Oper Room Manag. 2020;20:100144.
1. Tan HS, Habib AS. The optimum management of nausea and vomiting during and after cesarean delivery. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 2020;34(4):735–47. - DOI - PubMed
1. Boogaerts JG, Vanacker E, Seidel L, Albert A, Bardiau FM. Assessment of postoperative nausea using a visual analogue scale. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2000;44(4):470–4. - DOI - PubMed