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. 2025 Sep;73(9):e48-e59.
doi: 10.59556/japi.73.1094.

Management of Hypertension and Associated Comorbidities: An Expert Consensus Statement from India

H N Mishra  1 , Sadanand Shetty  2 , Arun Chopra  3 , Girish B Navasundi  4 , Ashwani Mehta  5 , Dayanand Kumbla  6 , Peeyush Jain  7 , Dibya K Baruah  8 , Amit Singhal  9 , Y S Kumar  10 , K A Sambasivam  11 , Anurag Sharma  12 , Sachin Patil  13 , Gaurav Chaudhary  14 , Y K Singh  15 , P K Deb  16 , M Jawahar  17 , Swapan K Saha  18 , Nilesh Parshottam  19 , Y S Rao  20 , Dilip K Ratnani  21 , Vikrant Vijan  22 , P C Sarma  23 , A Purnanad  24 , Anand Parikh  25 , Arun Mohanty  26 , Biswadev B Majumdar  27 , Dipak R Das  28 , Harshit Gupta  29 , Keshav Kale  30 , Krutik Kulkarni  31 , Miraj Modal  32 , Nikhil Motiramani  33 , Nimit Shah  34 , Nishad Chitnis  35 , Pankaj Goyal  36 , Ragavendra  37 , Srikanth Bodepudi  38 , Thiyagarajan  39 , Tirthankar Roy  40 , U P Singh  41 , Uttam K Saha  42 , Vinod Kumar  43 , Vithal D Baghi  44 , Vivudh P Singh  45 , Aditya Rattan  46 , Anil Gomber  47 , Ankur Dasgupta  48 , Biswa R Jena  49 , D K Garg  50 , Dipankar Deb  51 , Farah Ingale  52 , Ganesh Seth  53 , Gaurav Tripathi  54 , K Deelip Kumar  55 , Manoj Chitale  56 , N Kumaralingam  57 , Nandakumaran  58 , P R Ramulu  59 , Piyush Dabhi  60 , S Pradeep  61 , Rajeev Mehra  62 , Sekhar Chakraborty  63 , Sunil Dube  64 , Sunil Kohli  65 , T K Batabyal  66 , T V Narayan Rao  67 , V H Kriplani  68 , Heena Bhojwani  69 , Bhakti Sawant  70 , Priyank Shah  71 , Sanjay Jain  72
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Management of Hypertension and Associated Comorbidities: An Expert Consensus Statement from India

H N Mishra et al. J Assoc Physicians India. 2025 Sep.

Abstract

Hypertension is a leading global health concern that significantly contributes to cardiovascular (CV) and renal diseases. In India, its prevalence is rising, often coexisting with comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), chronic kidney disease (CKD), coronary artery disease (CAD), and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Effective hypertension management in these populations is challenging due to variations in blood pressure (BP) targets, the need for combination therapy, and the complexity of treating associated conditions such as albuminuria, nephropathy, CKD, CAD, and acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Despite advancements in treatment options, inconsistencies in clinical practice highlight the need for standardized, evidence-based recommendations. This expert consensus aims to address these gaps by guiding BP targets, optimal antihypertensive strategies, and individualized treatment approaches for high-risk patients. Key considerations include the role of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockers, calcium channel blockers (CCBs), beta-blockers (BBs), sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, and combination therapies in improving CV and renal outcomes. By establishing clear, consensus-driven recommendations, this statement seeks to enhance hypertension management, promote early intervention, and improve patient outcomes in India.

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