Complications of Radial Access

Abstract

Radial artery access is a widely used approach due to its reduced bleeding risk. However, complications associated with radial access may occur, including dissection, perforation, occlusion, and bleeding with hematoma formation, which may lead to compartment syndrome. Equipment entrapment can occur due to the small caliber of the artery combined with spasm, and granuloma formation may arise from retained sheath material. Careful assessment of radial artery diameter and patency using ultrasound is highly recommended to minimize these risks. Employing proper access techniques, including adequate local anesthesia, ultrasound guidance, and vasodilator administration, can mitigate risk of complications and improve patient outcomes.

Keywords: Access complications; Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI); Radial artery; Vascular injury.