Bisphenol A and human fertility: a systematic review

Abstract

Considering the significant exposure to the synthetic compound bisphenol A (BPA), present in a wide range of materials in our daily lives, this article discusses a possible correlation between this substance and human fertility through a bibliographic review. In the context of growing evidence that BPA impacts the fertility of women and men of reproductive age, the reviewed articles suggest that exposure to this agent may affect ovarian reserve parameters in women. In pregnant women, it may cause fetal malformations. BPA has also been linked to an increase in spontaneous abortions and premature births. Additionally, it can cause hormonal disruptions, affect folliculogenesis, and worsen ovarian response in assisted reproduction, as well as lead to lower estradiol concentrations, reduced fertilization rates, and higher implantation failure. In men of reproductive age, BPA may decrease sperm production, potentially contributing to testicular dysgenesis syndrome and cryptorchidism. However, further studies are still required to better understand the diverse and complex mechanisms through which BPA affects key reproductive functions.

Keywords: assisted reproduction; bisphenol A (BPA); endocrine disruptors; human fertility; sperm production.