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. 2025 Sep 19;104(38):e44237.
doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000044237.

Trends and disparities in acute coronary syndrome-related mortality in the United States: Implications for healthcare

Muhammad Khuzzaim Khan  1 , Ibrahim Ahmed Khan  1 , Abdul Moiz Javed  1 , Arslan Wazir  2 , Hira Saleem  3 , Muhammad Zohaib  1 , Faisal Rasheed  4 , Priyanka Mohan Lal  5 , Syeda Laiba Sherazi  6 , Amiaz Karim  7 , Nikhil Duseja  8 , Hussam Al Hennawi  9
Affiliations

Trends and disparities in acute coronary syndrome-related mortality in the United States: Implications for healthcare

Muhammad Khuzzaim Khan et al. Medicine (Baltimore). .

Abstract

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States (US). However, the trends and disparities in ACS mortality are not well understood. This study aimed to analyze the ACS mortality in the US from 1999 to 2020 using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research database. The age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) due to ACS were calculated for each year from 1999 to 2020, stratified by sex, race, urbanization, and state. The trends and disparities in AAMR were examined using descriptive statistics and graphical methods. The AAMR due to ACS decreased from 1999 to 2010 and for some variables till 2018, but then increased from 2018 to 2020. The AAMR due to ACS was higher in men than in women, non-Hispanic black adults than in non-Hispanic white adults and rural than in urban populations. The AAMR due to ACS varied widely among different states, with New York having the highest AAMR and Minnesota having the lowest AAMR. This study revealed the trends and disparities in ACS mortality in the US from 1999 to 2020. The study showed an increase in AAMR due to ACS in the recent years. The study also found significant disparities in AAMR due to ACS by sex, race, urbanization, and state. Further research is needed to explore the factors that contribute to the variation and inequality in ACS mortality.

Keywords: acute coronary syndrome; age-adjusted mortality rates; geographic disparities; mortality trends.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to disclose.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Trends in acute coronary syndrome-related age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) from 1999 to 2020, stratified by gender.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Acute coronary syndrome-related age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) stratified by race/ethnicity (1999–2020).
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Geographical trends in acute coronary syndrome-related age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) from 1999 to 2020.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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