[Osmotic demyelination syndrome complicating rapid correction of severe hyponatremia associated with hypokalemia]

Abstract

Centropontine and extrapontine myelinolysis are rare neurological disorders caused by the destruction of the myelin sheath in certain regions of the brain. They usually occur after hyponatremia has been corrected too rapidly, resulting in osmotic demyelination syndrome. This article analyses the risk factors and the clinical, radiological, therapeutic and prognostic features of these conditions. The study is based on the case of a 76-year-old woman.

Keywords: centropontine; demyelination; démyélinisation; elderly; extrapontine; hypokalemia; hypokaliémie; hyponatremia; hyponatrémie; myelinolysis; myélinolyse; osmotic; osmotique; personne âgée; syndrome.