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Review
. 2025 Sep 12;26(18):8878.
doi: 10.3390/ijms26188878.

Understanding Endometriosis: A Broad Review of Its Causes, Management, and Impact

Paweł Czubak  1 , Karolina Herda  2 , Iwona Niewiadomska  3 , Lechosław Putowski  4 , Mirosław Łańcut  5 , Maciej Masłyk  1
Affiliations
Review

Understanding Endometriosis: A Broad Review of Its Causes, Management, and Impact

Paweł Czubak et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Endometriosis is a complex gynecological condition affecting 10% of women globally, characterized by the growth of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus, leading to chronic pelvic pain, infertility, reduced quality of life, and a risk of cancer. This review examines the multifaceted aspects of endometriosis, including its causes, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies. Genetic and environmental factors, hormonal influences, and immunological dysregulation are addressed as potential drivers of disease progression. Treatment options, including pharmacological interventions (hormone therapy, pain management) and surgical interventions, are assessed for their effectiveness in alleviating symptoms and improving outcomes. Emerging therapies, such as small-molecule inhibitors and anti-angiogenic agents, are also explored. Additionally, the psychological impact of endometriosis is addressed, emphasizing the need for holistic care. This review highlights the importance of continued research to unravel the precise mechanisms underlying endometriosis and to develop targeted therapies for improved patient care.

Keywords: biomarkers; drug targets; endometriosis; natural substances; treatment of endometriosis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Spreading mechanisms of Endometriosis.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Structural formula of curcumin.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Structural formula of resveratrol.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Structural formula of epigallocatechin gallate.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Structural formula of quercitin.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Structural formula of cannabidiol.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Structural formula of rosmarinic acid.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Structural formula of capsaicin.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Structural formula of vitamin D.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Structural formulas of vitamin C and vitamin E.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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