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. 2025 Sep 17:250:116618.
doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2025.116618. Online ahead of print.

Antecedent traumatic injuries independently predict higher 90-day mortality for patients admitted to the ICU with surgical sepsis

Courtney M Collins  1 , Anahita Jalilvand  2 , Whitney Kellett  2 , Holly Baselice  2 , Jon Wisler  2
Affiliations

Antecedent traumatic injuries independently predict higher 90-day mortality for patients admitted to the ICU with surgical sepsis

Courtney M Collins et al. Am J Surg. .

Abstract

Introduction: Sepsis and trauma are leading causes of mortality. We hypothesize that antecedent trauma contributes to worse outcomes.

Methods: A single-institution retrospective study of patients admitted to the SICU between September 2013-January 2019 who met Sepsis III criteria. 1401 patients were included, 7.8 ​% (n ​= ​106) had preceding trauma. Cox regression was used to model in-hospital death and 90-day mortality. Kaplan-Meier 90- Day Survival Curve was calculated based on trauma status.

Results: Antecedent trauma was associated with in-hospital mortality (p ​= ​0.03). Trauma, transfer status, age, Charlson comorbidity index, admission lactate and SOFA score were all independent predictors of in-hospital and 90-day mortality (p ​< ​0.005). 90-day survival curve showed a trend towards decreasing survival for the trauma cohort (p ​= ​0.02).

Conclusion: Our findings indicate antecedent trauma may have significant impact on patient outcomes. Further investigation is necessary to explore the underlying mechanisms linking trauma and sepsis.

Keywords: Critical care; Mortality; Sepsis; Trauma.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Courtney M Collins reports financial support was provided by National Institutes of Health. Jon Wisler reports financial support was provided by National Institutes of Health. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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