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. 2025 Oct 8;20(10):e0334092.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0334092. eCollection 2025.

From hospital to home: A heightened window of vulnerability post-critical illness

Amanda Fuchsia Howard  1 , Kelsey Lynch  1 , Sally Thorne  1 , Leanne M Currie  1 , Rakesh C Arora  2   3 , Robert C McDermid  4   5 , Omar Ahmad  6 , Sarah Crowe  1   5 , Sybil Hoiss  7 , Anita David  1 , Joanne Chu  1 , Alice Erchov  1 , Brianna Hou  1 , Arnima Singh  1 , Miki Tsui  1 , Gregory Haljan  4   5
Affiliations

From hospital to home: A heightened window of vulnerability post-critical illness

Amanda Fuchsia Howard et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Background: Healthcare innovations have not kept pace with the burden of critical illness survivorship. The majority of patients treated in an intensive care unit (ICU) will survive but suffer new or worsening physical, cognitive or mental health sequelae, known as post-intensive care syndrome (PICS). For these survivors, the transition from hospital-based acute care to community-based care is often complex, with high rates of emergency department visits and unplanned hospital readmission. The purpose of this analysis is to describe ICU survivor and family caregiver experiences navigating the challenges in the transition from hospital to home.

Methods: In this qualitative interpretive description study, data from semi-structured interviews with ICU survivors and family caregivers in the months following discharge from the hospital to home were analyzed using thematic and constant comparative methods.

Results: The 47 study participants included 28 survivors (mean age 58, 17 men and 11 women) and 19 family caregivers (mean age 53, 6 men and 13 women), who represented 32 cases. The challenges experienced when transitioning from hospital included (1) feeling too ill to go home and pushed out of the hospital without a plan, (2) confronting illness and exhaustion without a safety net, and (3) managing at home with inadequate healthcare. During this time, patients were vulnerable to stagnation or deterioration of their mental and physical health, unmet healthcare needs, and unplanned emergency department visits and rehospitalization.

Conclusions: The challenging transition from the hospital setting suggests a heightened window of vulnerability in the initial months post-discharge and emphasizes a crucial missing middle in our healthcare system, leaving vulnerable patients at risk for ongoing and new health problems.

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Conflict of interest statement

R.C.A. has received Honoraria from Edwards LifeSciences and HLS Therapeutics Inc. R.C.A. is on the Advisory Board for Renibus Therapeutics Inc. All honoraria and board membership are for work unrelated to this manuscript. No other authors have any potential competing interests to disclose. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. No other authors have any potential competing interests to disclose.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Breakdown of participant cases.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Overview of challenges in the transition from hospital to home.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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