Developing a Canadian midwifery research priority framework: a Delphi consensus study

Abstract

Introduction: Globally, there is a commitment to evidence informed midwifery practice. In Canada, the midwifery profession has grown significantly over the past three decades, yet Canadian midwifery research lacks coordination and infrastructure. Developing a unified research agenda to address emerging clinical, population and policy challenges is essential for advancing research capacity building.

Methods: This study employed a modified Delphi technique, a robust consensus-seeking method, to identify national research priorities for Canadian midwifery. The process included a scoping review, a cross-sectional national survey, regional focus groups and follow-up surveys. Participants included midwives, researchers, service users, students and policymakers. Data were analysed using both qualitative and quantitative methods to identify and rank priority areas.

Results: The study identified three primary research priority areas: organizing models of care, optimizing reproductive care and strengthening the profession. Key themes included access to care, expanding midwifery roles, informed choice and addressing systemic barriers. Facilitating factors such as effective collaboration, policy changes and building research capacity were also highlighted. The final framework emphasizes the need for coordinated efforts to enhance the quality and accessibility of midwifery services across Canada.

Conclusions: The findings underscore the importance of a coordinated national research agenda to support the growth and development of midwifery in Canada. By focusing on identified priority areas and facilitating factors, the midwifery profession can continue to provide high-quality, equitable care. The study's methodology and results can inform similar efforts globally, promoting the integration of midwifery care into health systems worldwide.

Fig. 1

Overall study design flowchart using a modified Delphi process

Fig. 2

Target sampling plan overview

Fig. 3

Participant sample for all phases of Delphi study

Fig. 4

Final Canadian midwifery research Priority Framework, adapted from the QMNC Framework [20]