Two New Species of Lophozia (Marchantiophyta) from the Sino-Himalaya and the Taxonomic Diversity of East Asian Lophozia

Abstract

An integrative study of material from Yunnan Province, China, revealed two new Lophozia species. These species and several other representatives of the genus known from East Asia form a distinct clade within the phylogenetic structure of Lophozia. Descriptions, photographs, and comments regarding the morphological characteristics of the new taxa are provided. Lophozia neglecta is characterized by pink gemmae (another taxon with similar gemmae is East Asian L. koreana), whereas L. vinacea is characterized by vine-purple gemmae, which were previously unknown in the genus. Additionally, molecular analysis confirmed the occurrence of L. fuscovirens, a poorly known Lophozia taxon with brown gemmae, in the Kamchatka Peninsula. The taxonomic diversity of Lophozia in East Asia comprises 12 species belonging to various distribution groups, including the Sino-Himalayan and broadly East Asian groups.

Keywords: East Asia; Lophozia; Lophoziaceae; Sino-Himalaya; ecology; evolution; integrative taxonomy; plagiotropic growth form.

Figure A1

Phylogram obtained from a Bayesian analysis of the Lophoziaceae species and related taxa based on ITS1-2 nrDNA. Newly obtained species are marked in bold. Bootstrap support values > 50% in ML analysis and Bayesian posterior probabilities PP > 0.50 are indicated. Scale bar denotes the number of nucleotide substitutions per site.

Figure A2

Phylogram obtained from a Bayesian analysis of the Lophoziaceae species and related taxa based on trnL-trnF cpDNA. Newly obtained species are marked in bold. Bootstrap support values > 50% in ML analysis and Bayesian posterior probabilities PP > 0.50 are indicated. Scale bar denotes the number of nucleotide substitutions per site.

Figure A3

Phylogram obtained from a Bayesian analysis of the Lophoziaceae species and related taxa based on trnG-intron cpDNA. Newly obtained species are marked in bold. Bootstrap support values > 50% in ML analysis and Bayesian posterior probabilities PP > 0.50 are indicated. Scale bar denotes the number of nucleotide substitutions per site.

Figure A4

Phylogram obtained from a Bayesian analysis of the Lophoziaceae species and related taxa based on rbcL cpDNA. Newly obtained species are marked in bold. Bootstrap support values > 50% in ML analysis and Bayesian posterior probabilities PP > 0.50 are indicated. Scale bar denotes the number of nucleotide substitutions per site.

Figure A5

Phylogram obtained from a Bayesian analysis of the Lophoziaceae species and related taxa based on rps4 cpDNA. Newly obtained species are marked in bold. Bootstrap support values > 50% in ML analysis and Bayesian posterior probabilities PP > 0.50 are indicated. Scale bar denotes the number of nucleotide substitutions per site.

Figure 1

Phylogram obtained from a Bayesian analysis of the Lophoziaceae species and related taxa based on ITS 1-2—trnL-F. Newly obtained sequences are marked in bold. Bootstrap support values > 50% in ML analysis and Bayesian posterior probabilities PP > 0.50 are indicated. Scale bar denotes the number of nucleotide substitutions per site.

Figure 2

Phylogram obtained from a Bayesian analysis of the Lophoziaceae species and related taxa based on trnG-intron—rps4. Newly obtained sequences are marked in bold. Bootstrap support values > 50% in ML analysis and Bayesian posterior probabilities PP > 0.50 are indicated. Scale bar denotes the number of nucleotide substitutions per site.

Figure 3

Phylogram obtained from a Bayesian analysis of the Lophoziaceae species and related taxa based on rbcL—rps4. Newly obtained sequences are marked in bold. Bootstrap support values > 50% in ML analysis and Bayesian posterior probabilities PP > 0.50 are indicated. Scale bar denotes the number of nucleotide substitutions per site.

Figure 4

Lophozia neglecta Bakalin, Maltseva, Klimova, S.S. Choi, W.Z. Ma sp. nov. (all photographs were taken from plants in living conditions): (A,B) part of mat; (C) shoot with gemmae clusters, dorsal view; (D) shoot, dorsal view; (E–G) gemmae; (H) midleaf cells with oil bodies; (I) cells of leaf lobe with oil bodies. Scales: 5 mm for (A); 3 mm for (B); 2 mm for (C,D); 3 mm for (D); 50 µm for (E–G); 100 µm for (H,I). (A,C,E–G) from C-86-2-18 (VBGI), (B,D,H,I) from C-86-1-18 (VBGI).

Figure 5

Lophozia neglecta Bakalin, Maltseva, Klimova, S.S. Choi, W.Z. Ma sp. nov. (all photographs were taken from herbarium material): (A) part of mat of dried plants; (B) dried shoots with gemmae clusters, lateral view; (C) dried shoot with gemmae clusters, dorsal view; (D) shoot, lateral view; (E) shoot, ventral view; (F) gemmae; (G–J) leaves; (I) leaf with gemmae cluster. Scales: 5 mm for (A); 3 mm for (B); 2 mm for (C,D); 3 mm for (D); 50 µm for (E–G); 100 µm for (H,I). All from C-86-2-18 (VBGI).

Figure 6

Lophozia neglecta Bakalin, Maltseva, Klimova, S.S. Choi, W.Z. Ma sp. nov. (all photographs were taken from herbarium material): (A) stem cross-section; (B) part of stem cross-section; (C) leaf margin cells with oil bodies; (D) midleaf cells with oil bodies; (E) unclearly striolate cuticle (leaf surface) in midleaf cells area. Scales: 300 µm for (A); 100 µm for (B,C); 50 µm for (D,E). All from C-86-2-18 (VBGI).

Figure 7

Lophozia vinacea Bakalin, Maltseva, Klimova, S.S. Choi, W.Z. Ma sp. nov. (all photographs were taken from plants in living conditions): (A) part of mat; (B) shoots with gemmae clusters; (C) midleaf cells with oil bodies; (D) gemmae. Scales: 3 mm for (A,B); 100 µm for (C); 50 µm for (D). (A,C,D) from C-83-24a-18 (VBGI), (B) from C-83-26-18 (VBGI).

Figure 8

Lophozia vinacea Bakalin, Maltseva, Klimova, S.S. Choi, W.Z. Ma sp. nov. (all photographs were taken from herbarium material): (A) part of mat of dried plants; (B) dried shoot, dorsal view; (C,D) shoot with gemmae, lateral view; (E,F,H,I) leaves; (G) shoot with rhizoids, lateral view. Scales: 2 mm for (A); 1 mm for (B–I). All from C-83-26-18 (VBGI).

Figure 9

Lophozia vinacea Bakalin, Maltseva, Klimova, S.S. Choi, W.Z. Ma sp. nov. (all photographs were taken from herbarium material): (A,B) stem cross-section; (C) leaf margin cells; (D) midleaf cells; (E) elongate cells in the leaf base; (F) gemmae. Scales: 200 µm for (A); 100 µm for (B,C); 50 µm for (D–F). All from C-83-26-18 (VBGI).

Figure 10

Lophozia nepalensis Bakalin: (A) shoots; (B) holotype label; (C–E) leaves; (F) midleaf cells; (G) gemmae. Scales: 2 mm for (A); 500 µm for (C–E); 100 µm for (F); 50 µm for (G). All from holotype Poelt H214 (JE).