Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2025 Sep 30:16:1655969.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1655969. eCollection 2025.

One hundred years of BCG: the journey of tuberculosis vaccination in Brazil

Eloise Trostdorf Monteiro Filardi  1 , Roberto Carlos Cruz Carbonell  1   2 , Fernando Rogério Pavan  1 , Felipe Augusto Cerni  2 , Manuela Berto Pucca  1
Affiliations

One hundred years of BCG: the journey of tuberculosis vaccination in Brazil

Eloise Trostdorf Monteiro Filardi et al. Front Immunol. .
No abstract available

Keywords: BCG; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; bacillus Calmette-Guérin; immunization; vaccine.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Historical and epidemiological context of BCG vaccination and tuberculosis in Brazil. (A) Timeline illustrating key milestones in BCG implementation in Brazil. (B) Temporal trends in new reported tuberculosis (TB) cases and national BCG vaccination coverage (2013–2023).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Vaccines and immunization: What is vaccination? . Available online at: https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/vaccines-and-im... (Accessed May 8, 2025).
    1. National Research Council (US) Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention . Vaccine Supply and Innovation Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US). (1985) 2, Vaccines: Past, Present, and Future. Available online at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK216821. - PubMed
    1. Ghattas M, Dwivedi G, Lavertu M, Alameh M-G. Vaccine technologies and platforms for infectious diseases: current progress, challenges, and opportunities. Vaccines (Basel). (2021) 9:1490. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9121490, PMID: - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Nandi A, Shet A. Why vaccines matter: understanding the broader health, economic, and child development benefits of routine vaccination. Hum Vaccin Immunother. (2020) 16:1900–4. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2019.1708669, PMID: - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Rodrigues CMC, Plotkin SA. Impact of vaccines; health, economic and social perspectives. Front Microbiol. (2020) 11:1526. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01526, PMID: - DOI - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources