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. 2025 Oct 20:pn-2025-004777.
doi: 10.1136/pn-2025-004777. Online ahead of print.

Foslevodopa-foscarbidopa infusion

Duncan Street  1 , Lara Teare  1 , Andrea Lindahl  1 , Hannah Martin  1 , Bonita Bateman  1 , Lucy Strens  1 , Amrit-Deep P Samra  2
Affiliations

Foslevodopa-foscarbidopa infusion

Duncan Street et al. Pract Neurol. .

Abstract

Advanced Parkinson's disease poses numerous management challenges related to an increasingly inconsistent and unpredictable response to oral levodopa therapy, complicated by disabling motor and non-motor fluctuations and dyskinesias. Deep brain stimulation, levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel and subcutaneous apomorphine are established non-oral treatments for advanced Parkinson's disease but delivery of these therapies is restricted to small numbers in specialist centres. Continuous subcutaneous foslevodopa-foscarbidopa infusion (CSFFI) therapy may address this unmet need. Here, we provide experience and practical insights from delivering a CSFFI service within the UK National Health Service. We highlight advantages of CSFFI vs alternative device-aided treatment options and outline a framework for starting and maintaining treatment, including managing common side effects, illustrated by patient cases.

Keywords: CLINICAL NEUROLOGY; MOVEMENT DISORDERS; NEUROPHARMACOLOGY; PARKINSON-S DISEASE.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: HM has received honoraria for talks and attending educational meetings from AbbVie UK Ltd, and Bial Pharma UK Ltd. LS has received honoraria for talks and attending educational meetings from Bial Pharma UK Ltd, Profile Pharma Ltd and AbbVie UK Ltd. AS has received honoraria for consulting, talks and attending educational meetings from AbbVie UK Ltd, Bial Pharma UK Ltd and Britannia Pharmaceuticals Ltd.

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