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Review
. 2025 Nov;63(6):1019-1036.
doi: 10.1016/j.rcl.2025.04.009. Epub 2025 Jun 13.

The Use of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Genituourinary Imaging: Technical and Clinical Considerations

Carli E Calderone  1 , Mark E Lockhart  2 , David T Fetzer  3
Affiliations
Review

The Use of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Genituourinary Imaging: Technical and Clinical Considerations

Carli E Calderone et al. Radiol Clin North Am. 2025 Nov.

Abstract

Ultrasound (US) has many known advantages, including lack of ionizing radiation, low operating cost, and an unmatched safety profile. The development of contrast-enhanced US (CEUS) has proven to be a useful alternative or adjunct in the assessment of multiple organ system pathology, including genitourinary (GU), gastrointestinal, and pulmonary applications. CEUS offers several advantages over other contrast-enhanced modalities, including real-time enhancement kinetics, decreased contrast reactions, and lack of renal toxicity. CEUS is especially useful in assessment of GU pathology, where it can be used intravascularly as well as intraluminally within the collecting system to augment the evaluation of multiple GU pathologies.

Keywords: CEUS; Contrast-enhanced ultrasound; Genitourinary imaging; Microbubbles; Renal; Scrotal.

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Conflict of interest statement

Disclosures C.E. Calderone: None. M.E. Lockhart: Book royalties, Elsevier. Book royalties, JayPee Brothers Medical Publishers. Deputy Editor, Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine. Chair, American Board of Radiology Ultrasound Certifying Committee. Chair, AIUM Future Fund Research Committee. Executive Board, Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound. Member, US FDA Medical Devices Committee. D.T. Fetzer: Research agreements, GE HealthCare, Philips Ultrasound, Inc. and Siemens Healthineers. Consultant, GE Healthcare; Philips Ultrasound, Inc. Advisory Board, Bracco Diagnostics. Speakers Bureau, GE HealthCare; Siemens Healthineers.

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