New Measurements of the Deuteron-to-Proton F_{2} Structure-Function Ratio

D Biswas¹, F A Gonzalez², W Henry³, A Karki⁴, C Morean⁵, A Nadeeshani¹, A Sun⁶, Z Ahmed⁷, S Alsalmi^{8

9}, W Armstrong¹⁰, A Asaturyan³, C Ayerbe Gayoso^{4

11}, V Berdnikov^{3

12}, H Bhatt⁴, D Bhetuwal⁴, P Bosted¹¹, E Brash¹³, M H S Bukhari¹⁴, J P Chen³, M Chen¹⁵, M E Christy^{1

3}, S Covrig Dusa³, K Craycraft⁵, S Danagoulian¹⁶, D Day¹⁵, M Diefenthaler³, M Dlamini¹⁷, J Dunne⁴, B Duran¹⁰, D Dutta⁴, R Ent³, H Fenker³, N Fomin⁵, E Fuchey¹⁸, D Gaskell³, T N Gautam¹, J O Hansen³, F Hauenstein^{3

19}, A V Hernandez¹², T Horn¹², G M Huber⁷, M K Jones³, S Joosten²⁰, M L Kabir⁴, C Keppel³, A Khanal²¹, P M King¹⁷, E Kinney²², M Kohl¹, N Lashley-Colthirst¹, S Li²³, W B Li¹¹, A H Liyanage¹, D Mack³, S Malace³, P Markowitz²¹, J Matter¹⁵, D Meekins³, R Michaels³, A Mkrtchyan²⁴, H Mkrtchyan²⁴, Z Moore²⁵, S J Nazeer¹, S Nanda⁴, G Niculescu²⁵, I Niculescu²⁵, D Nguyen¹⁵, Nuruzzaman²⁶, B Pandey^{1

27}, S Park², E Pooser³, A J R Puckett¹⁸, M Rehfuss¹⁰, J Reinhold²¹, B Sawatzky³, G R Smith³, H Szumila-Vance^{3

21}, A S Tadepalli²⁶, V Tadevosyan²⁴, R Trotta¹², S A Wood³, C Yero^{12

21}, J Zhang²; Hall C Collaboration

Affiliations

¹ Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA.
² Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA.
³ Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA.
⁴ Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA.
⁵ University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA.
⁶ Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
⁷ University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada.
⁸ Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA.
⁹ King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
¹⁰ Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA.
¹¹ The College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA.
¹² Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA.
¹³ Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA.
¹⁴ Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia.
¹⁵ University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA.
¹⁶ North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA.
¹⁷ Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA.
¹⁸ University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA.
¹⁹ Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA.
²⁰ Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA.
²¹ Florida International University, University Park, Florida 33199, USA.
²² University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA.
²³ University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA.
²⁴ A.I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute), Yerevan 0036, Armenia.
²⁵ James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA.
²⁶ Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08854, USA.
²⁷ Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia, 24450 USA.

PMID: 41138137
DOI: 10.1103/1xx8-rxlv

New Measurements of the Deuteron-to-Proton F_{2} Structure-Function Ratio

D Biswas et al. Phys Rev Lett. 2025.

. 2025 Oct 10;135(15):151902.

doi: 10.1103/1xx8-rxlv.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA.
² Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA.
³ Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA.
⁴ Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA.
⁵ University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA.
⁶ Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
⁷ University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada.
⁸ Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA.
⁹ King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
¹⁰ Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA.
¹¹ The College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA.
¹² Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA.
¹³ Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA.
¹⁴ Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia.
¹⁵ University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA.
¹⁶ North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA.
¹⁷ Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA.
¹⁸ University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA.
¹⁹ Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA.
²⁰ Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA.
²¹ Florida International University, University Park, Florida 33199, USA.
²² University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA.
²³ University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA.
²⁴ A.I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute), Yerevan 0036, Armenia.
²⁵ James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA.
²⁶ Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08854, USA.
²⁷ Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia, 24450 USA.

PMID: 41138137
DOI: 10.1103/1xx8-rxlv

Abstract

Nucleon structure functions, as measured in lepton-nucleon scattering, have historically provided a critical observable in the study of partonic dynamics within the nucleon. However, at very large parton momenta, it is both experimentally and theoretically challenging to extract parton distributions due to the probable onset of nonperturbative contributions and the unavailability of high-precision data at critical kinematics. Extraction of the neutron structure and the d quark distribution have been further challenging because of the necessity of applying nuclear corrections when utilizing scattering data from a deuteron target to extract the free neutron structure. However, a program of experiments has been carried out recently at the energy-upgraded Jefferson Lab electron accelerator aimed at significantly reducing the nuclear correction uncertainties on the d quark distribution function at large partonic momentum. This allows leveraging the vast body of deuterium data covering a large kinematic range to be utilized for d quark parton distribution function extraction. In this Letter, we present new data from experiment E12-10-002, carried out in Jefferson Lab Experimental Hall C, on the deuteron to proton cross section ratio at large Bjorken x. These results significantly improve the precision of existing data and provide a first look at the expected impact on quark distributions extracted from parton distribution function fits.

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New Measurements of the Deuteron-to-Proton F_{2} Structure-Function Ratio

Affiliations

New Measurements of the Deuteron-to-Proton F_{2} Structure-Function Ratio

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Miscellaneous