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. 2025 Oct 9:63:101709.
doi: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2025.101709. eCollection 2025 Oct.

The World Health Organization (WHO) Enhanced Gonococcal Antimicrobial Surveillance Programme (EGASP) reports continuously high levels of ceftriaxone resistance across Viet Nam, 2024

Pham Thi Lan  1 , Thuy Thi Phan Nguyen  2 , Vu Tuan Anh  3 , Daniel Golparian  4 , Nguyen Thi Thuy Van  5 , Ismael Maatouk  6 , Magnus Unemo  4   7 ; WHO EGASP-Viet Nam WGS study group
Collaborators, Affiliations

The World Health Organization (WHO) Enhanced Gonococcal Antimicrobial Surveillance Programme (EGASP) reports continuously high levels of ceftriaxone resistance across Viet Nam, 2024

Pham Thi Lan et al. Lancet Reg Health West Pac. .
No abstract available

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Conflict of interest statement

We declare no competing interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Phylogenomic analysis based on core genome MLST of 2062 gene alleles of N. gonorrhoeae genomes from Viet Nam in 2023 (n = 249)and 2024 (n = 429). Ceftriaxone resistance levels (2023, 2024) in Hanoi, Quy Nhơn Nam (Gia Lai province), and Ho Chi Minh City are shown on map (top left). In the phylogenomic tree, the locations of ceftriaxone-susceptible WHO F and well-characterised ceftriaxone-resistant strains (WHO R (FC428; penA-60.001),, F92 (penA-237.001) and AT159 (penA-60.001), which represents the XDR strain spreading in Cambodia9,10), and the six XDR isolates (resistant to ceftriaxone, cefixime, azithromycin, and ciprofloxacin) found in Viet Nam in 2024 are shown. Notably, 99.4% (674/678) of isolates harboured GyrA S91F and were considered resistant to ciprofloxacin. The colour coding in the key represents the variables in each column separately, e.g., red colour represents ST1901 in the MLST column, penA-237.001 in the PBP2 with A311V column, 2023 in the Year column, and so on (the colour does not represent all variables in all the columns combined). NA, Not assessed.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Jensen J.S., Unemo M. Antimicrobial treatment and resistance in sexually transmitted bacterial infections. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2024;22:435–450. - PubMed
    1. van der Veen S. Global transmission of the penA allele 60.001–containing high-level ceftriaxone-resistant gonococcal FC428 clone and antimicrobial therapy of associated cases: a review. Infect Microb Dis. 2023;2:13–20.
    1. WHO Enhanced gonococcal antimicrobial surveillance programme (EGASP): general protocol. 2021. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240021341
    1. Lan P.T., Nguyen H.T., Golparian D., et al. The WHO enhanced gonococcal antimicrobial surveillance programme (EGASP) identifies high levels of ceftriaxone resistance across Vietnam, 2023. Lancet Reg Health West Pac. 2024;48 - PMC - PubMed
    1. Laumen J.G.E., Hieu V.N., Nhung P.H., et al. High prevalence of ceftriaxone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Hanoi, Vietnam, 2023-2024. J Infect Dis. 2025;232:e73–e77. - PMC - PubMed

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