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Review
. 2026 Feb;42(1):37-43.
doi: 10.1016/j.hcl.2025.08.005. Epub 2025 Sep 9.

Blockchain in Hand Surgery

Affiliations
Review

Blockchain in Hand Surgery

Andrew M Welch et al. Hand Clin. 2026 Feb.

Abstract

A blockchain is a distributed database that maintains a continuous list of records, which became mainstream with the introduction of bitcoin. It can transform health care and the way patients and surgeons interact. Blockchain can empower patients to manage their own personal health information and allows a smoother transition between different providers and health care systems. Blockchain can also be used to audit research to ensure authenticity. Furthermore, the universality of cryptocurrency can ease financial transactions. Blockchain's biggest limitation is approval through privacy laws and health care workers' understanding of its benefits and protection of patient privacy.

Keywords: Bitcoin; Blockchain; Cryptocurrency; Hand surgery; Health care; Medical research.

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Conflict of interest statement

Disclosures The authors have no conflicts of interest in relation to this publication.

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