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Review
. 2026 Jan;45(1):205-223.
doi: 10.1016/j.csm.2025.01.004. Epub 2025 Feb 5.

Managing Complications in Knee Osteotomies: A Comprehensive Review

M Zino Kuhn  1 , Elise B E Raney  2 , Ehab M Nazzal  1 , Jonathan D Hughes  3
Affiliations
Review

Managing Complications in Knee Osteotomies: A Comprehensive Review

M Zino Kuhn et al. Clin Sports Med. 2026 Jan.

Abstract

In this review, the authors classify and categorize the most common intraoperative and postoperative surgical and medical complications associated with knee osteotomies of the distal femur and proximal tibia. They review the available literature to date regarding the incidence, risk factors, and morbidity associated with each complication and how these have evolved over recent years. Finally, they summarize what is known regarding the prevention and management strategies of each complication and the level of evidence associated with varying strategies.

Keywords: Arthritis; Complications; Deformity; Osteotomy; Outcomes.

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Conflict of interest statement

Disclosures The authors have no financial conflicts of interest or commercial partnerships to disclose.

MeSH terms