Lived experiences, perspectives, and challenges related to medication management among older people living with HIV (PLWH) in Malaysia

Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a significant global public health concern. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has transformed HIV into a chronic and manageable disease, leading to an increased lifespan for people living with HIV (PLWH). However, the growing population of older PLWH presents unique challenges owing to the complexities of managing multiple medications for HIV and age-related conditions. This study aimed to explore the lived experiences, perspectives, and challenges related to medication management among older PLWH in Malaysia. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 older PLWH at a tertiary hospital. Thematic analysis revealed three main themes: the perceived importance of adherence, challenges in medication management, and coping strategies. Older PLWH face challenges in medication management that are influenced by age-related health issues, treatment complexities, emotional challenges, communication barriers, and stigma. Despite these challenges, older PLWH employ multiple coping strategies, including behavioural coping strategies, open communication with healthcare providers, and seeking social support. While older PLWH generally have a positive perspective towards their medications, emotional and social factors, particularly self-isolation, can significantly impact medication management. Addressing these challenges requires a multifaceted approach that includes tailored interventions, improved communication with healthcare providers, and fostering social support networks.

Keywords: Antiretroviral therapy; Good health and well-being; age-associated comorbidities; coping strategies; emotional support; social support.