. 2025 Nov;15(11):e70110.

doi: 10.1002/clt2.70110.

Key Predictors of Adherence to a Mobile Health App for Managing Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria

Hugo Viegas^{1

2}, Bernardo Sousa-Pinto^{1

2}, Rafael José Vieira^{1

2}, Aiste Ramanauskaite^{3

4}, Ellen Witte-Händel^{3

4}, Ana Gimenez-Arnau⁵, Carole Guillet⁶, Claudio Alberto Salvador Parisi⁷, Constance Katelaris⁸, Daria Fomina^{9

10

11}, Désirée Larenas-Linnemann¹², Jorge Sánchez¹³, Elizabeth Garcia¹⁴, Hermenio Lima¹⁵, Igor Kaidashev¹⁶, Iman Nasr¹⁷, Isabel Ogueta Canales^{18

19

20}, Ivan Cherrez-Ojeda^{3

4

21}, Jean Bousquet^{3

4}, Jonathan A Bernstein²², Jonny Peter²³, Jose Ignacio Larco Sousa²⁴, Kanokvalai Kulthanan²⁵, Karsten Weller^{3

4}, Kiran Godse²⁶, Krzysztof Rutkowski²⁷, Lasma Lapina²⁸, Laurence Bouillet²⁹, Luis Felipe Ensina³⁰, Margarida Gonçalo³¹, Maria Staevska³², Mariam Ali Yousuf Al-Nesf³³, Markus Magerl^{3

4}, Martin Metz^{3

4}, Martijn van Doorn³⁴, Mary Anne Castor³⁵, Maryam Khoshkhui³⁶, Michael Makris³⁷, Michihiro Hide³⁸, Mohamad Abuzakouk³⁹, Mona Al-Ahmad⁴⁰, Murat Türk⁴¹, Natasa Teovska Mitrevska⁴², Niall Conlon⁴³, Nicole Nojarov^{3

4}, Pavel Kolkhir^{3

4}, Philip Li⁴⁴, Ramzy Mohammed Ali³³, Rand Arnaout⁴⁵, Riccardo Asero⁴⁶, Sabine Altrichter^{3

4

47

48}, Simon Francis Thomsen⁴⁹, Young-Min Ye⁵⁰, Zenon Brzoza⁵¹, Zuotao Zhao⁵², Torsten Zuberbier^{3

4}, Frank Siebenhaar^{3

4}, Emek Kocatürk^{3

4

53}, Sophia Neisinger^{3

4}

Affiliations

¹ MEDCIDS-Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
² CINTESIS@RISE, Centre for Health Technology and Services Research, Health Research Network, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
³ Institute of Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
⁴ Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology, Berlin, Germany.
⁵ Department of Dermatology, Urticaria Center of Reference, and Excellence (UCARE), Hospital del Mar, IMIM, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
⁶ Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
⁷ Adult and Pediatric Allergy Sections of the Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
⁸ Department of Medicine, Campbelltown Hospital and Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
⁹ Moscow City Research and Practical Center of Allergology and Immunology, Clinical Hospital No 52, Moscow Healthcare Department, Russia Angioedema/Urticaria Center of Reference and Excellence (ACARE, UCARE), Moscow, Russia.
¹⁰ Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, IM, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.
¹¹ Department of Pulmonology, Astana Medical University, Astana, Kazakhstan.
¹² Center of Excellence in Asthma and Allergy Larenas Hospital Médica Sur, Mexico City, Mexico.
¹³ Group of Clinical and Experimental Allergy, Hospital 'Alma Mater de Antioquia', University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
¹⁴ Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Allergy Section, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, UNIMEQ ORL, Bogotá, Colombia.
¹⁵ LEADER Research Inc. and Division of Allergy and Clinic Immunology (UCARE), Medicine Department, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
¹⁶ Poltava State Medical University, Poltava, Ukraine.
¹⁷ Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman.
¹⁸ Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
¹⁹ University Dermatological Center (DermaCDU), Las Condes, Chile.
²⁰ Unit of Dermatology, Rancagua Regional Hospital, Rancagua, Chile.
²¹ Universidad Espíritu Santo, Respiralab Research Center, Guayaquil, Ecuador.
²² Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
²³ ACARE Centre, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa.
²⁴ Department of Allergy, UCARE, Clinica San Felipe, Lima, Peru.
²⁵ Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
²⁶ Department of Dermatology, Dr D Y Patil Medical College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India.
²⁷ Urticaria Clinic, St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.
²⁸ Allergic Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Riga Stradins University, Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia.
²⁹ French National Reference Center for Angioedema (CREAK), Internal Medicine Department, Grenoble University Hospital, La Tronche, France.
³⁰ Division of Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
³¹ Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra and University Hospital, Coimbra Local Health Unit, Coimbra, Portugal.
³² Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria.
³³ Allergy and Immunology Section, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
³⁴ Department of Dermatology, UCARE, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
³⁵ Department of Pediatrics, University of the Philippines Manila-Philippine General Hospital, Manila, Philippines.
³⁶ Allergy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
³⁷ Allergy Unit, 2nd Department of Dermatology and Venereology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, University General Hospital "Attikon", Athens, Greece.
³⁸ Department of Dermatology, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens Hospital, Department of Dermatology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
³⁹ Allergy & Immunology Department, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
⁴⁰ Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
⁴¹ Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Erciyes University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Türkiye.
⁴² ReMedika General Hospital, Skopje, North Macedonia.
⁴³ School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
⁴⁴ University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
⁴⁵ Department of Dermatology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
⁴⁶ Ambulatorio di Allergologia, Clinica San Carlo, Milan, Italy.
⁴⁷ Department of Dermatology and Venerology, UCARE, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria.
⁴⁸ Faculty of Medicine, Center for Medical Research, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria.
⁴⁹ Department of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
⁵⁰ Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
⁵¹ Division of Allergology, Department of Internal Diseases, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Opole, Opole, Poland.
⁵² Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, National Clinical Research Center for Skin and Immune Diseases, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Cosmetics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
⁵³ Department of Dermatology, Bahçeşehir University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye.

PMID: 41240396
PMCID: PMC12619656
DOI: 10.1002/clt2.70110

Key Predictors of Adherence to a Mobile Health App for Managing Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria

Hugo Viegas et al. Clin Transl Allergy. 2025 Nov.

. 2025 Nov;15(11):e70110.

doi: 10.1002/clt2.70110.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ MEDCIDS-Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
² CINTESIS@RISE, Centre for Health Technology and Services Research, Health Research Network, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
³ Institute of Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
⁴ Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology, Berlin, Germany.
⁵ Department of Dermatology, Urticaria Center of Reference, and Excellence (UCARE), Hospital del Mar, IMIM, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
⁶ Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
⁷ Adult and Pediatric Allergy Sections of the Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
⁸ Department of Medicine, Campbelltown Hospital and Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
⁹ Moscow City Research and Practical Center of Allergology and Immunology, Clinical Hospital No 52, Moscow Healthcare Department, Russia Angioedema/Urticaria Center of Reference and Excellence (ACARE, UCARE), Moscow, Russia.
¹⁰ Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, IM, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.
¹¹ Department of Pulmonology, Astana Medical University, Astana, Kazakhstan.
¹² Center of Excellence in Asthma and Allergy Larenas Hospital Médica Sur, Mexico City, Mexico.
¹³ Group of Clinical and Experimental Allergy, Hospital 'Alma Mater de Antioquia', University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
¹⁴ Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Allergy Section, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, UNIMEQ ORL, Bogotá, Colombia.
¹⁵ LEADER Research Inc. and Division of Allergy and Clinic Immunology (UCARE), Medicine Department, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
¹⁶ Poltava State Medical University, Poltava, Ukraine.
¹⁷ Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman.
¹⁸ Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
¹⁹ University Dermatological Center (DermaCDU), Las Condes, Chile.
²⁰ Unit of Dermatology, Rancagua Regional Hospital, Rancagua, Chile.
²¹ Universidad Espíritu Santo, Respiralab Research Center, Guayaquil, Ecuador.
²² Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
²³ ACARE Centre, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, Cape Town, South Africa.
²⁴ Department of Allergy, UCARE, Clinica San Felipe, Lima, Peru.
²⁵ Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
²⁶ Department of Dermatology, Dr D Y Patil Medical College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India.
²⁷ Urticaria Clinic, St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.
²⁸ Allergic Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Riga Stradins University, Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia.
²⁹ French National Reference Center for Angioedema (CREAK), Internal Medicine Department, Grenoble University Hospital, La Tronche, France.
³⁰ Division of Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
³¹ Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra and University Hospital, Coimbra Local Health Unit, Coimbra, Portugal.
³² Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria.
³³ Allergy and Immunology Section, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
³⁴ Department of Dermatology, UCARE, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
³⁵ Department of Pediatrics, University of the Philippines Manila-Philippine General Hospital, Manila, Philippines.
³⁶ Allergy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
³⁷ Allergy Unit, 2nd Department of Dermatology and Venereology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, University General Hospital "Attikon", Athens, Greece.
³⁸ Department of Dermatology, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens Hospital, Department of Dermatology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
³⁹ Allergy & Immunology Department, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
⁴⁰ Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
⁴¹ Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Erciyes University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Türkiye.
⁴² ReMedika General Hospital, Skopje, North Macedonia.
⁴³ School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
⁴⁴ University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
⁴⁵ Department of Dermatology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
⁴⁶ Ambulatorio di Allergologia, Clinica San Carlo, Milan, Italy.
⁴⁷ Department of Dermatology and Venerology, UCARE, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria.
⁴⁸ Faculty of Medicine, Center for Medical Research, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria.
⁴⁹ Department of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
⁵⁰ Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
⁵¹ Division of Allergology, Department of Internal Diseases, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Opole, Opole, Poland.
⁵² Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, National Clinical Research Center for Skin and Immune Diseases, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Cosmetics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
⁵³ Department of Dermatology, Bahçeşehir University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye.

PMID: 41240396
PMCID: PMC12619656
DOI: 10.1002/clt2.70110

Abstract

Background: Mobile health technologies may improve the management of chronic diseases, such as chronic spontaneous urticaria. However, effectiveness of mHealth tools largely depends on patient adherence, which can be influenced by various demographic, clinical, behavioural, psychosocial factors, and apps characteristics (appealing and simplicity of use). Understanding these adherence patterns is crucial for optimizing mHealth interventions. In this study, we aimed to assess adherence patterns associated to the use of CRUSE, a mHealth app designed for patients with CSU.

Methods: We assessed users of the CRUSE app with self-reported CSU or suggested by a physician. For each user, we evaluated the number of days they completed the CRUSE daily monitoring questionnaire (app adherence) within the first 3 months after installation. We constructed univariable and multivariable ordered beta regression models to identify predictors of 3-month adherence to the app.

Results: We analysed data from 2085 patients (66,114 days). Median adherence to the CRUSE app was of 22 days (24.4% of 90 days). In multivariable regression models, the variables more strongly associated with increased adherence to CRUSE included age (average increase = 0.16 percent points [pp] per additional year; 95% credible interval [CrI] = 0.08; 0.23 pp), male sex (average difference = 4.24 pp; 95% CrI = 1.77; 6.39 pp), being from a European country (average difference = 2.66 pp; 95% CrI = 0.59; 5.19 pp), and using monoclonal antibodies (average difference = 4.60 pp; 95% CrI = 2.26; 6.65 pp).

Conclusions: Our findings suggest that age, male sex, residence in Europe, and the use of monoclonal antibodies are significant factors associated with increased adherence to the CRUSE app. These insights may help identify patient subgroups who would benefit most from mHealth support in managing CSU.

Keywords: adherence; chronic spontaneous urticaria; mHealth.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Hugo Viegas has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work.

Bernardo Sousa‐Pinto has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work.

Rafael José Vieira has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work.

Aiste Ramanauskaite has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work.

Ellen Witte‐Händel has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work.

Ana Gimenez‐Arnau has received consulting fees from Almirall, Amgen, Blue ‐Print, CELLDEX, ESCIENT, FAES, Genentech, GSK, Jaspers, Leo Pharma, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Novartis, Noucor, Sanofi–Regeneron, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Septerna, Servier, Uriach Pharma, grants or contracts with ESCIENT, NOUCOR, Novartis, Instituto Carlos III‐ FEDER, Uriach Pharma and Payments or honoraria for lectures from Almirall, Avene, Genentech, GSK, LEO‐PHARMA, Menarini, MSD, NOUCOR, Novartis, Sanofi, Uriach Pharma.

Carole Guillet has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work.

Claudio Alberto Parisi has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work.

Constance Katelaris has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work.

Daria Fomina has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work.

Désirée Larenas‐Linnemann Fomina has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work. Outside she declares payment to her centre for lectures from AZ, GSK, Sanofi, Novartis, and Chiesi.

Jorge Sánchez Fomina has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work.

Elizabeth Garcia has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work.

Hermenio Lima reports consultancy fees from AbbVie (Abbott), Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bristol‐Myers Squibb, Celgene, Dermira, Eli Lilly, Janssen, La Roche‐Posay, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, and Sanofi; personal payment. HL reports grants/grants pending for clinical trials from AbbVie (Abbott), Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bristol‐Myers Squibb, Celgene, Dermira, Eli Lilly, GSK, Incyte, Janssen, La Roche‐Posay, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Moonlake, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, and Sanofi; personal payment. HL reports payment for lectures from AbbVie, Novartis, Sanofi, and Bausch Health; personal payment. HL reports payment for development of educational presentations from AbbVie (Abbott), Celgene, Janssen, Leo Pharmaceutics, Novartis, Sanofi, Pfizer, RAPT, Takeda, UBS, and Pediapharma.

Igor Kaidashev has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work.

Iman Nasr has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work.

Isabel Ogueta Canales is or recently was a speaker and/or advisor for and/or has received personal fees and grants from L’Oréal, Faes‐Farma and ITF‐Labomed.

Ivan Cherrez‐Ojeda has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work.

Jean Bousquet has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work.

Jonathan A. Bernstein reports personal fees and grants from Sanofi Regeneron, AZ, Allakos, Celldex, Escient, Novartis, Genentech, Jasper Pharma and being AAAAI immediate past president, WAO BOD, AAAAI Foundation Chairperson, UCARE/ACARE centre, JTF practice parameters committee member.

Jonny Peter declares payments or honoraria for lectures from CSL Behring, Takeda, Novartis and Sanofi Regeneron, participation on a data safety monitoring Board or Adboard for Pharvaris and Astria. Further grants or contracts from Takeda, Kalvista, Astria and Pharvaris.

Jose Ignacio Larco Sousa has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work.

Kanokvalai Kulthanan declares payments or honoraria for lectures from Novartis, Menarini, and Sanofi Genzyme.

Karsten Weller declares grants or contracts from Novartis, Sanofi, and Noucor and consulting fees and adboard participation for Novartis.

Kiran Godse has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work.

Krzysztof Rutkowski has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work.

Lasma Lapina has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work.

Laurence Bouillet has consulted/served as speaker for, engaged in research and educational projects with or accepted travel grants from the following companies: BioCryst, CSL Behring, Takeda, Novartis, GSK, Blueprint, Kalvista, Pharvaris.

Luis Felipe Ensina declares consulting fees from Sanofi, honoraria for lectures from Sanofi, Novartis, and Celltrion and travel grants from Sanofi.

Margarida Gonçalo declares consulting fees from AbbVie, Almirall, Biocryst, Boehringer Pfizer, and Novartis and honoraria for lectures from Sanofi, AbbVie, and Pfizer. Further support for travel grants from Sanofi and Almirall.

Maria Staevska has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work.

Mariam Ali Yousuf Al‐Nesf has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work.

Markus Magerl is an advisor for MOXIE.

Martin Metz has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work.

Martijn van Doorn declares grants from Janssen, Almirall, Third Harmonic, and Escient, payments for lectures from Novartis, AbbVie, Leo pharma, Sanofi, Janssen, UCB, and BMS and travel grants from UCB.

Mary Anne Castor has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work.

Maryam Khoshkhui has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work. Outside of submitted work she was a speaker and/or advisor for and/or has received research funding from Abidi Pharma, Alhavi Pharma, AstraZeneca, Actover, Ofogh Tolid Darou pars, Kimia salamat nikan, CinnaGen, Sanofi, GlaxoSmithKline and Danon.

Michael Makris has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work.

Michihiro Hide declares consulting fees from Novartis, Sanofi, Taiho, and Teikoku Seiyaku, and payments or honoraria for lectures from Japan Tobacco, Kaken Pharmaceutical, Kyorin Pharmaceutical, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Meiji Seiyaku, Novartis, Sanofi/Regeneron, and TAIHO Pharmaceutical. Further travel grants from TAIHO Pharmaceutical.

Mohamad Abuzakouk has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work.

Mona Al‐Ahmad declares grants or contracts with Kuwait University, payments or honoraria for lectures from AstraZeneca, Novartis, GSK, and Sanofi.

Murat Türk is or recently was a speaker and/or advisor for AstraZeneca, Chiesi, GSK, Novartis, ROXALL, Vem İlaç.

Natasa Teovska Mitrevska has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work.

Niall Conlon declares grants or contracts with GSK and Pharming, payments or honoraria for lectures from Novartis and Takeda. Further travel grants from Novartis, Biocryst, and Pharming.

Nicole Nojarov has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work.

Pavel Kolkhir declares grants or contracts with Novartis and Sanofi, further consulting fees from BioCryst, Merus, Novartis, and ValenzaBio.

Philip Li has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work.

Ramzy Mohammed Ali has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work.

Rand Arnaout has no conflict of interest to declare in relation to this work.

Riccardo Asero declares payments of honoraria from GSK, Novartis, Jasper Therapeutics, and Sanofi.

Sabine Altrichter declares grants or contracts with AstraZeneca, and consulting fees from Allakos, ALK, BioCryst, Blueprint, Celltrion, CSL Behring, Galderma, Incyte, KalVista, Leo Pharma, Novartis, Otsuka, Pharvaris, Sanofi, Takeda, and ThermoFisher. Further payments or honoraria for lectures from Allakos, ALK, BioCryst, Blueprint, CSL Behring, Leo Pharma, Novartis, Pharvaris, Sanofi, Takeda, and ThermoFisher. In addition she received travel grants from BioCryst, Takeda, Sanofi, and UCB. Also she was part of Adboards for BioCryst, Takeda, Novartis, AstraZeneca, and Blueprint.

Simon Francis Thomsen Simon Francis Thomsen has received research support from AbbVie, Almirall, Janssen, LEO Pharma, Novartis, Sanofi and UCB, and has been a speaker/consultant for AbbVie, Almirall, Boehringer, CSL, Eli Lilly, Galderma, Incyte, Janssen, LEO Pharma, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, Servier, Symphogen, UCB, and Union Therapeutics.

Young‐Min Ye declares payments or honoraria for lectures from Novartis, Celltrion, and Yuhan.

Zenon Brzoza declares payments or honoraria for lectures from Novartis, Berlin Chemie, Menarini, AstraZeneca, and Sanofi.

Zuotao Zhao is the speaker/advisor for and/or has received research funding from Novartis, Sanofi, Pfizer, Astellas, Galderma, Janssen, GSK, BAYER, LEO, MEDA Pharma and ALK Pharma.

Torsten Zuberbier declares grants or contracts from Novartis and Henkel and consulting fees from Bayer Health Care, Blueprint Medicine, Celldex, Celltrion, FAES, Novartis, and Henkel. Further payments for lectures from AstraZeneca, AbbVie, ALK, Almirall, Astellas, Bayer Healthcare, Bencard, Berlin Chemie, FAES, HAL, Leti, Meda, Menarini, Merck, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, Stallergenes, Takeda, Teva, UCB, Henkel, Kryolan, and L’Oréal. He was part of adboards for Novartis, Celldex, and AbiVax.

Frank Siebenhaar declares grants or contracts with Alys/Granular Pharma, Blueprint Medicine, Cogent Biosciences, Celldex, and Telios Pharma, consulting fees from Blueprint Medicine, and Cogent Biosciences, payments or honoraria for lectures from Blueprint Medicine, Cogent Biosciences, and Novartis. He was part of adboards for Blueprint and Cogent.

Emek Kocatürk was recently a speaker/consultant for Menarini and Novartis and received funding from Almirall.

Sophia Neisinger has been an advisor/speaker for or received research funding from Novartis, Celltrion and/or Sanofi.

Figures

**FIGURE 1**
Directed acyclic graph (DAG) to select the independent variables to include in multivariable models.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

1. Ham C., “The Ten Characteristics of the High‐Performing Chronic Care System,” Health Economics, Policy and Law 5, no. Pt 1 (2010): 71–90, 10.1017/s1744133109990120. - DOI - PubMed
1. Croke L., “Mobile Health Apps Are Transforming Patient Care,” AORN Journal 111, no. 6 (2020): P5, 10.1002/aorn.13080. - DOI - PubMed
1. Jiménez‐Muñoz L., Gutiérrez‐Rojas L., Porras‐Segovia A., Courtet P., and Baca‐García E., “Mobile Applications for the Management of Chronic Physical Conditions: A Systematic Review,” Internal Medicine Journal 52, no. 1 (2022): 21–29, 10.1111/imj.15081. - DOI - PubMed
1. Vieira R. J., Sousa‐Pinto B., Pereira A. M., et al., “Asthma Hospitalizations: A Call for a National Strategy to Fight Health Inequities,” Pulmonology 29, no. 3 (2023): 179–183, 10.1016/j.pulmoe.2022.12.001. - DOI - PubMed
1. Rowland S. P., Fitzgerald J. E., Holme T., Powell J., and McGregor A., “What Is the Clinical Value of mHealth for Patients?,” NPJ Digital Medicine 3, no. 1 (2020): 4, 10.1038/s41746-019-0206-x. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources
Miscellaneous
- NCI CPTAC Assay Portal

Save citation to file

Email citation

Add to Collections

Add to My Bibliography

Your saved search

Create a file for external citation management software

Your RSS Feed

Key Predictors of Adherence to a Mobile Health App for Managing Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria

Affiliations

Key Predictors of Adherence to a Mobile Health App for Managing Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

Figures

References

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Miscellaneous