Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Comparative Study
. 2025 Nov 3;14(11):26.
doi: 10.1167/tvst.14.11.26.

Comparison of Three-Dimensional Choroidal Contour in Patients With Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Their Fellow Eyes

Sumit Randhir Singh  1 , Elham Sadeghi  2 , Anne Schulman  2 , Katherine Du  2 , Priyanka Gandhi  2 , Shankar A Narayan  1 , Supriya Arora  3 , Mohammed Nasar Ibrahim  2 , Sandeep Chandra Bollepalli  2 , Kiran Kumar Vupparaboina  2 , Jose Alain Sahel  2 , Jay Chhablani  2
Affiliations
Comparative Study

Comparison of Three-Dimensional Choroidal Contour in Patients With Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Their Fellow Eyes

Sumit Randhir Singh et al. Transl Vis Sci Technol. .

Abstract

Purpose: To compare the three-dimensional choroidal contour map of patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and their fellow eyes.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 30 patients with nAMD in one eye and early/intermediate AMD in the fellow eye. Wide-field (12 × 12 mm) swept source optical coherence tomography volumetric scans were obtained. Choroidal inner boundaries (CIBs) and choroidal outer boundaries (COBs) were delineated based on our previously reported deep learning model. Best-fit spherical radius (R, mm) was calculated for CIB and COB and compared in both groups using paired t tests. The regional variation of RCIB and RCOB in different sectors (superior, inferior, nasal, temporal, and central) was compared. P values of ≤0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results: The mean RCIB was 32.8 ± 8.6 mm and 32.5 ± 9.4 mm in nAMD group and their fellow eyes, respectively (P = 0.80). Similarly, the mean RCOB was 31.3 ± 7.0 mm in the nAMD group with no statistically significant variation in their fellow eyes (early/intermediate AMD, 31.5 ± 9.0 mm; P = 0.88). Comparison of RCIB (nAMD, 15.0 ± 9.1 mm; fellow eye, 15.2 ± 10.4 mm; P = 0.91) and RCOB (nAMD, 13.6 ± 8.1 mm; fellow eye, 12.2 ± 9.0 mm; P = 0.48) in the central sector where AMD lesions were located was not significant. Intragroup sectoral comparisons of RCIB and RCOB in both groups were statistically significant (all P values < .01).

Conclusions: RCIB and RCOB exhibited significant regional variations across different sectors in both eyes, including nAMD and fellow eyes. However, the comparison of RCIB and RCOB between the two groups was not significantly different.

Translational relevance: The study of choroidal contour may help to understand the pathological changes in age-related macular degeneration.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Disclosure: S.R. Singh, None; E. Sadeghi, None; A. Schulman, None; K. Du, None; P. Gandhi, None; S.A. Narayan, None; S. Arora, None; M.N. Ibrahim, None; S.C. Bollepalli, NetraMind (O); K.K. Vupparaboina, None; J.A. Sahel, Pixium Vision, GenSight Biologics, Sparing Vision, Prophesee, Chronolife; J. Chhablani, NetraMind Innovations (O), Allergan (C), Novartis (C), Salutaris (C), OD-OS (C), Erasca (C), B&L (C), Iveric Bio (C), Ocular therapeutics (I), AcuViz (I), Abbvie (I), Springer (R); K.K. Vupparaboina, NetraMind (O)

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Choroidal contour analysis in an 82-year-old woman with intermediate AMD. Right eye en face scans and cross-sectional OCT show drusenoid pigment epithelial detachments (PED) (A). (B, C) Hot colors (red, yellow) denote steep and cold colors (blue), a flat choroidal contour, respectively.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
The left eye of the patient in Figure 1 shows nAMD. Left eye en face scans and cross-sectional OCT show fibrovascular PED, with a few intraretinal cystoid spaces (A). (B, C) Hot colors denote steep and cold colors, a flat choroidal contour, respectively.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Nickla DL, Wallman J. The multifunctional choroid. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2010; 29(2): 144–168. doi: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2009.12.002. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Ostrin LA, Harb E, Nickla DL, et al.. IMI-the dynamic choroid: new insights, challenges, and potential significance for human myopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2023; 64(6): 4. doi: 10.1167/iovs.64.6.4. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Seddon JM, McLeod DS, Bhutto IA, et al.. Histopathological insights into choroidal vascular loss in clinically documented cases of age-related macular degeneration. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2016; 134(11): 1272–1280. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2016.3519. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Ambati J, Fowler BJ. Mechanisms of age-related macular degeneration. Neuron. 2012; 75(1): 26–39. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2012.06.018. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Ferris FL 3rd, Wilkinson CP, Bird A, et al.. Clinical classification of age-related macular degeneration. Ophthalmology. 2013; 120(4): 844–851. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2012.10.036. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources