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. 2025 Feb 3;47(1):74-83.
doi: 10.14744/cpr.2025.53945. eCollection 2025 Jan.

Hepatitis B Serological Tests and Vitamin D Values: A Seasonal Assessment

Adem Keskin  1   2 , Mehmet Hakan Taskin  3 , Mukadder Erdem  4 , Mahir Igde  5 , Ergin Kariptas  3 , Recai Aci  6
Affiliations

Hepatitis B Serological Tests and Vitamin D Values: A Seasonal Assessment

Adem Keskin et al. J Clin Pract Res. .

Abstract

Objective: Hepatitis B virus (HBV), a significant global health concern, remains a source of infection despite the availability of effective vaccines. The progression of the disease is influenced by HBV antigens and autoimmune reactions. A deficiency in the immunomodulatory vitamin D is associated with the severity of various illnesses. The purpose of this research was to explore the relationship between HBV serological test results and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels.

Materials and methods: The study included 120,004 HBV serological tests (Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), Hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg), anti-HBsAg, anti-HBeAg, antibodies to Hepatitis B core immunoglobulin G (anti-HBc IgG), and anti-HBc IgM) and 62.835 25-hydroxyvitamin D tests.

Results: In spring, summer, and fall, 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in HBsAg-positive individuals were lower compared to HBsAg-negative individuals. Conversely, 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in individuals positive for anti-HBsAg were higher than those in anti-HBsAg-negative individuals across all seasons. Furthermore, in both cases of 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency and optimal 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, individuals positive for anti-HBsAg showed higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D values than those negative for anti-HBsAg. Additionally, individuals positive for anti-HBc IgG demonstrated higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels compared to anti-HBc IgG-negative individuals during winter and fall. Moreover, 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in individuals negative for anti-HbeAg were found to be below the optimal range.

Conclusion: In conclusion, there may be a relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and hepatitis B serological test positivity. Therefore, vitamin D levels should be monitored in populations affected by HBV.

Keywords: Anti-hepatitis B surface antigen; hepatitis B surface antigen; hepatitis B virus; serological test; vitamin D deficiency.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

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