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. 2025 Nov 19;15(11):e098251.
doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-098251.

Effect of music therapy on vital signs and heart rate variability of paediatric patients during the extubation process in the paediatric intensive care unit: a multicentre randomised clinical trial protocol

Yenny Marcela Beltrán  1   2 , Daniela Posada Charum  3 , Cesar Augusto Zuluaga  3   4 , Mayra Alejandra Vega  3   4 , Johana Benavides-Cruz  5 , Moshé Amarillo  2 , Estefanía Cañón  3 , Isabella Álvarez  3 , Juan Ramirez-Moreno  3 , Laura Páez  3 , María Camila Garzón  3 , Paula Daniela Calderon  3 , Tatiana Carolina Quintero  3 , Jairo Moreno  4 , Mark Ettenberger  6   2
Affiliations

Effect of music therapy on vital signs and heart rate variability of paediatric patients during the extubation process in the paediatric intensive care unit: a multicentre randomised clinical trial protocol

Yenny Marcela Beltrán et al. BMJ Open. .

Abstract

Introduction: A successful extubation process is critical for the future health outcomes of paediatric patients, as it tests the functioning of the respiratory system without the support of mechanical ventilation. However, extubation can cause stress, pain, anxiety or discomfort in patients, which may sometimes lead to an increased likelihood of reintubation. Music-based interventions and therapies have been shown to be effective in reducing anxiety and stress levels in ventilated patients in the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU), but studies evaluating the effect of music therapy during the extubation process in the PICU are scarce.

Methods and analysis: This is a pragmatic multicentre randomised clinical trial with two parallel arms. The intervention group will receive standard care + music therapy during the extubation process, and the control group will receive standard care alone. The main outcome measure is heart rate, which will be measured every minute for 5 min pre-extubation, during the extubation process and up to 10 min postextubation. Secondary outcome measures are: oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, blood pressure and heart rate variability. A total of 82 patients will be randomised.

Ethics and dissemination: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Fundación Universitaria Sanitas (CEIFUS 1356-24, date of approval: 3 May 2024). All parents or legal guardians of patients will sign a written informed consent, and if applicable, assent from participants will be sought. The results will be disseminated through publications in peer-reviewed journals, conferences and presentations at the hospitals' clinical committees.

Protocol version: Version 1.0, 18 December 2024.

Trial registration number: NCT06591533, trial registration date: 10 September 2024.

Keywords: Clinical Protocols; Intensive Care Units; Paediatric anaesthesia.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials figure (data collection timeline).
Figure 2
Figure 2. Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials flow diagram. ITT, intention-to-treat.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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