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. 2025 Nov 19;22(11):1748.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph22111748.

Digital Health Literacy of People with Intellectual Disabilities: A Scoping Review to Map the Evidence

Dirk Bruland  1 , Daniel Geffroy  1 , Änne-Dörte Latteck  1
Affiliations

Digital Health Literacy of People with Intellectual Disabilities: A Scoping Review to Map the Evidence

Dirk Bruland et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

Digital technologies are revolutionizing health systems worldwide. People with higher digital health literacy are better equipped to access reliable health information, utilize telehealth services, and effectively manage their health through applications. However, a notable digital divide exists for people with intellectual disabilities, and the digitization of healthcare can limit their health opportunities. This scoping review examines the current evidence on digital health literacy among people with intellectual disabilities, emphasizing specific challenges and the need for tailored adaptations. Eleven articles from ten databases were included in the review. Although digital health literacy is becoming increasingly important, it is rarely discussed for people with intellectual disabilities. The term "digital health literacy" is not used, with the exception of one article. However, the focus is mostly on applicability and often at the functional level. The findings underscore that people with intellectual disabilities are underrepresented in research studies and interventions related to digital health literacy. Additionally, the results indicate the lack of a theoretical population-specific framework that focuses on competencies and life experiences. Participation in the digital world is a human right (UN CRPD). Addressing the digital gap is crucial, as improving digital health literacy can lead to better health outcomes, equitable access to health services, and reduced health disparities among people with intellectual disabilities. Based on the results, research directions for developing a population-specific framework for this highly vulnerable group are discussed.

Keywords: digital health; digital health literacy; digitalization; eHealth literacy; health disparities; health equity; health literacy; intellectual disabilities; scoping review.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
PRISMA flow diagram [25].
Figure 2
Figure 2
Principles of universal design can be used to optimize the accessibility of digital technologies [42].
Figure 3
Figure 3
Graphical summary of the results.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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