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. 2024 Dec 26;17(50):2258-2270.
doi: 10.56786/PHWR.2024.17.50.2. Epub 2024 Nov 29.

[Current Status of Surveillance and Management for Maintaining Polio Eradication in the Republic of Korea]

[Article in Korean]
Eunbyeol Wang  1 , Soonryu Seo  1 , Dongkeun Kim  1 , Young Eun Kang  2 , Kye Ryeong Park  2 , Myung Guk Han  2 , Min Woo Park  3 , Tae Jong Son  3 , Wookeon Lee  4 , Dong-Woo Lee  4 , Ok Soo Kim  5 , Jin Seon Yang  1
Affiliations

[Current Status of Surveillance and Management for Maintaining Polio Eradication in the Republic of Korea]

[Article in Korean]
Eunbyeol Wang et al. Jugan Geongang Gwa Jilbyeong. .

Abstract
in English, Korean

Polioviruses cause poliomyelitis; no cases have been reported in the Republic of Korea (ROK) since 1984. In 2000, the World Health Organization (WHO) designated the country as a polio-free country. Polio-free countries are required to submit annual reports in order to maintain their status. The current report summarizes the 2024 annual report submitted to the 30th Regional Commission for the Certification of Poliomyelitis Eradication. In the ROK, the risk of polio is low owing to high vaccination rates; however, the risk of poliovirus infection cannot be dismissed completely due to the increase in the number of foreign immigrants and international travel. In addition, polio is endemic in countries such as Afghanistan and Pakistan, as well as in certain African nations. In July 2024, the 38th Emergency Committee stated that polio will continue to be a Public Health Emergency of International Concern, necessitating enhanced surveillance efforts. Moreover, complementary surveillance through environmental monitoring was introduced to detect the circulation of wild-type and vaccine-derived polioviruses in communities. Continuous encouragement of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance has allowed the ROK to meet the WHO standards (above 1.0) for the first time in 4 years since 2019. In August this year, the National Certification Committee confirmed that the ROK's polio-free country status has been maintained. Regular training and awareness programs are necessary to improve the quality of AFP surveillance, and efforts should be made to enhance reporting by establishing an "automated reporting system for AFP cases."

폴리오바이러스는 소아마비를 일으키는 바이러스로 국내에서는 1984년부터 현재까지 발생 건이 없고, 2000년에 세계보건기구(World Health Organization, WHO)로부터 박멸국가로 지정 받았다. 박멸국가들은 매년 폴리오 박멸국 지위 유지를 위해 폴리오 연례보고서를 제출할 의무가 있다. 이 보고서에는 제30차 WHO 폴리오박멸지역인증위원회(Regional Commission for the Certification of Poliomyelitis Eradication)에 제출한 2024년 연례보고서를 요약하였다. 국내에는 높은 예방접종률 유지 등으로 폴리오 발생 위험이 낮지만 외국인 이민자 증가 및 해외여행 증가로 폴리오바이러스 위험이 없다고 보기는 어렵다. 또한, 아프가니스탄, 파키스탄을 비롯하여 아프리카 지역 국가에서 아직 유행 중으로 2024년 7월 38차 긴급위원회에서 폴리오가 여전히 국제공중보건위기상황(public health emergency of international concern)으로 유지되고 있어 감시 강화의 노력이 필요하다. 이에 금년에는 보완감시로써 환경감시를 도입하여 지역사회 내의 야생형 및 백신유래 폴리오바이러스의 유행을 감지할 수 있다. 급성이완성마비(acute flaccid paralysis, AFP) 감시 지속 독려를 통해 2019년 이후 4년 만에 WHO 기준에 도달(1.0 이상)하였고 금년 8월 국가폴리오박멸인증위원회(National Certification Committee)를 통해 한국의 폴리오 박멸국 지위가 유지됨을 확인하였다. AFP 감시의 질 향상을 위해 정기적인 교육∙홍보가 필요하며, 신고 활성화를 위해 ‘AFP 사례 자동신고’ 체계를 마련하여 감시 강화에 노력해야 한다.

Keywords: Acute flaccid paralysis; Polilvirus; World Health Organization.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Figures

그림 1
그림 1. 전 세계 폴리오 발생 현황
Reused from Global Polio Eradication Initiative [4].
그림 2
그림 2. 연도별, 지역별 급성이완성마비 보고건수(2023–2024년 6월)
Figure 1
Figure 1. Global polio incidence status
Reused from Global Polio Eradication Initiative [4].
Figure 2
Figure 2. Acute flaccid paralysis reported cases by year and region (2023 to June 2024)
IC=Incheon; SE=Seoul; GG=Gyeonggi-do; GW=Gangwon-do; CN=Chungcheongnam-do; SJ=Sejong; DJ=Daejeon; CB=Chungcheongbuk-do; GB=Gyeongsangbuk-do; JB=Jeollabuk-do; DG=Daegu; GJ=Gwangju; GN=Gyeongsangnam-do; US=Ulsan; BS=Busan; JN=Jeollanam-do; JJ=Jeju.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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