Affiliations

• ¹ Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, Calif.
• ² Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif.
• ³ Faculté de médecine de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.
• ⁴ Centre hospitalier universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Que.
• ⁵ Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.
• ⁶ McGill University, Montréal, Que.
• ⁷ Western University, London, Ont.
• ⁸ Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.
• ⁹ Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.
• ¹⁰ Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.
• ¹¹ The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont.
• ¹² University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
• ¹³ Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
• ¹⁴ Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
• ¹⁵ Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Que.
• ¹⁶ Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
• ¹⁷ Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
• ¹⁸ University of Toronto School of Medicine, Toronto, Ont.
• ¹⁹ Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont.
• ²⁰ Division of Endocrinology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont.
• ²¹ Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
• ²² Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
• ²³ University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask.
• ²⁴ University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
• ²⁵ Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Que.
• ²⁶ London Health Sciences Centre Combined Neurosurgical and Orthopaedic Spine Program, London, Ont.
• ²⁷ Department of Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia and B.C. Children's Hospital, Vancouver, B.C.
• ²⁸ Columbia University, New York, N.Y.
• ²⁹ Kothari Medical Centre, Kolkata, India.
• ³⁰ Washington University, St Louis, Mo.
• ³¹ University Health Network, Toronto, Ont.
• ³² The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
• ³³ University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn.
• ³⁴ Kothari Medical Center, Kolkata, India.
• ³⁵ Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, Calif.
• ³⁶ University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.
• ³⁷ Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont.
• ³⁸ Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
• ³⁹ Hospital Universitari de la Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
• ⁴⁰ Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
• ⁴¹ Queen's Medical Centre Campus, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
• ⁴² The Children's Hospital Westmead, St. Leonards, Leonards, Australia.
• ⁴³ Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.
• ⁴⁴ Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.
• ⁴⁵ NSW Spine Specialists, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
• ⁴⁶ University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
• ⁴⁷ St George Private Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
• ⁴⁸ University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
• ⁴⁹ University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.
• ⁵⁰ Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ont.
• ⁵¹ Lawson Institute, London, Ont.
• ⁵² University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Fyn, Denmark.
• ⁵³ Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research Network, Markdale, Ont.
• ⁵⁴ Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S.
• ⁵⁵ UPMC Presbyterian, Pittsburgh, Pa.
• ⁵⁶ Combined Orthopaedic and Neurosurgical Spine Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.
• ⁵⁷ Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S.
• ⁵⁸ Combined Neurosurgical and Orthopedic Spine Program, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Vancouver, B.C.
• ⁵⁹ Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont.
• ⁶⁰ Dalhousie University Faculty of Medicine, Saint John, N.B.
• ⁶¹ Canada East Spine Centre, Saint John, N.B.
• ⁶² Horizon Health Network, Saint John, N.B.
• ⁶³ University of New Brunswick Fredericton Faculty of Kinesiology, Fredericton, N.B.
• ⁶⁴ University of New Brunswick Saint John, Saint John, N.B.
• ⁶⁵ State University of Pará, Belem, Para, Brazil.
• ⁶⁶ Medical University of Silesia, Katovice, Poland.
• ⁶⁷ FG University Center, Brumado, Bahia, Brazil.
• ⁶⁸ Sulaiman Al Rajhi University, Al Bukairyah, Saudi Arabia.
• ⁶⁹ Federal University of Pará, Belem, Para, Brazil.
• ⁷⁰ Healthcare Institution of South Iceland, Selfoss, Iceland.
• ⁷¹ Départament de neurochirurgie de l'Hôpital de Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, Que.
• ⁷² Hospital Ortopédico do Estado, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
• ⁷³ University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.
• ⁷⁴ Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
• ⁷⁵ Trident Medical Center, North Charleston, South Carolina.
• ⁷⁶ St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont.
• ⁷⁷ Shamir Medical Center, Tzrifin, Israel.
• ⁷⁸ Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont.
• ⁷⁹ Combined Neurosurgical and Orthopedic Spine Program, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
• ⁸⁰ Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.
• ⁸¹ Hôpital du Sacré Coeur de Montréal, Montréal, Que.
• ⁸² University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
• ⁸³ Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montréal, Que.
• ⁸⁴ Saint John Regional Hospital Horizon Health Network/Dalhousie University, Saint John, N.B.
• ⁸⁵ Praxis Spinal Cord Institute, Vancouver, B.C.
• ⁸⁶ Royal Columbian Hospital, New Westminster, B.C.
• ⁸⁷ Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Dalhousie University Faculty of Medicine, Stan Cassidy Centre for Rehabilitation, Fredericton, N.B.
• ⁸⁸ Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Nord-de-l'Île-de-Montréal (Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur-de-Montréal), Montréal, Que.
• ⁸⁹ Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en réadaptation et adaptation du Montréal métropolitain, Montréal, Que.
• ⁹⁰ Department of Health, Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montréal, Que.
• ⁹¹ School of Health, Concordia University, Montréal, Que.
• ⁹² Centre de réadaptation Constance-Lethbridge du Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Centre-Ouest de l'Île-de-Montréal, Montréal, Que.
• ⁹³ Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que.
• ⁹⁴ Division of Orthopedics, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Que.
• ⁹⁵ Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alta.
• ⁹⁶ London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.
• ⁹⁷ Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Que.
• ⁹⁸ Sainte-Justine University Hospital Centre, Montréal, Que.
• ⁹⁹ Division of Orthopaedics, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
• ¹⁰⁰ Laboratoire de biomécanique appliquée, Aix-Marseille Université/Université Gustave Eiffel, Marseille, Marseille, France.
• ¹⁰¹ Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.
• ¹⁰² Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.
• ¹⁰³ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Que.
• ¹⁰⁴ Spine Applied Research, Cranial and Spinal Technologies Medtronic, Memphis, Tenn.
• ¹⁰⁵ Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Que.
• ¹⁰⁶ Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Que.
• ¹⁰⁷ Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montréal, Que.
• ¹⁰⁸ Division of Neurosurgery, Krembil Neuroscience Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ont.
• ¹⁰⁹ Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, Western University, London, Ont.
• ¹¹⁰ University of British Columbia; Vancouver Spine Surgery Institute, Vancouver, B.C.
• ¹¹¹ Schulich Library of Physical Sciences Life Sciences, and Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, Que.
• ¹¹² Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Que.
• ¹¹³ Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que.
• ¹¹⁴ Canadian Spine Society, Markdale, Ont.
• ¹¹⁵ Université Laval, Québec, Que.
• ¹¹⁶ Clinique St Jean Sud de France, Montpellier, France.
• ¹¹⁷ Clinique de l'Union, Toulouse, France.
• ¹¹⁸ Hôpital privé du dos Francheville, Périgueux, France.
• ¹¹⁹ Institut Locomoteur de l'Ouest Rachis, Rennes, France.
• ¹²⁰ Clinique du dos, Bordeaux, France.
• ¹²¹ Clinique Cannes Oxford, Cannes, France.
• ¹²² Institut de la colonne vertebrale, Lyon, France.
• ¹²³ Hôpital privé Clairval, Marseille, France.
• ¹²⁴ Institut du rachis Paris, Paris, France.
• ¹²⁵ Centre du rachis de la sauvegarde, Lyon, France.
• ¹²⁶ Clinique St Hilaire, Rouen, France.
• ¹²⁷ Hôpital privé d'Eure et Loire, Chartres, France.
• ¹²⁸ Hôpital privé le bois, Lille, France.
• ¹²⁹ Hôpital Jacques Cartier, Massy, France.
• ¹³⁰ Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
• ¹³¹ CHU de Nice, Nice, France.
• ¹³² Shamir Medical Center, Assaf Harofeh, Zerifin, Israel.
• ¹³³ Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, B.C.
• ¹³⁴ Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.
• ¹³⁵ Combined Orthopedic and Neurosurgery Spine Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.
• ¹³⁶ Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Section of Neurosurgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.
• ¹³⁷ Section of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.
• ¹³⁸ NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Que.
• ¹³⁹ Functional Neuroimaging Unit, Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.
• ¹⁴⁰ Mila-Quebec AI Institute, Montréal, Que.
• ¹⁴¹ Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.
• ¹⁴² London Health Sciences Centre Combined Neurosurgical and Orthopaedic Spine Program, Schulich School of Medicine, Western University, London, Ont.
• ¹⁴³ Division of Neurosurgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
• ¹⁴⁴ University of Calgary Spine Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.
• ¹⁴⁵ Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) de Québec, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Que.
• ¹⁴⁶ Department of Surgery, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.
• ¹⁴⁷ Canada East Spine Centre, Department of Neurosurgery, Saint John Regional Hospital, Saint John, N.B.
• ¹⁴⁸ Vancouver General Hospital Combined Neurosurgical and Orthopedic Spine Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
• ¹⁴⁹ Department of Neurosurgery, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria.
• ¹⁵⁰ Vancouver General Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
• ¹⁵¹ Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md.
• ¹⁵² Duke University Medical Center, Durham, N.C.
• ¹⁵³ NYU Langone Health, New York, N.Y.
• ¹⁵⁴ The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex.
• ¹⁵⁵ Northwell Health, Manhasset, N.Y.
• ¹⁵⁶ Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa.
• ¹⁵⁷ McGill University and Montreal General Hospital, Montréal, Que.
• ¹⁵⁸ National Center for Spinal Disorders and Buda Health Center, Budapest, Hungary.
• ¹⁵⁹ University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
• ¹⁶⁰ University of Toronto and Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ont.
• ¹⁶¹ Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn.
• ¹⁶² Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Ill.
• ¹⁶³ The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital and The Miriam Hospital, Providence, R.I.
• ¹⁶⁴ University of British Columbia and Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, B.C.
• ¹⁶⁵ Montefiore Medical Center, New York, N.Y.
• ¹⁶⁶ Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass.
• ¹⁶⁷ McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
• ¹⁶⁸ IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy.
• ¹⁶⁹ University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
• ¹⁷⁰ IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli and Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Bologna, Italy.
• ¹⁷¹ University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.
• ¹⁷² Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
• ¹⁷³ New York University Langone Health, New York, N.Y.
• ¹⁷⁴ National Center for Spinal Disorders, Budapest, Hungary.
• ¹⁷⁵ Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, N.Y.
• ¹⁷⁶ Brown University, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, R.I.
• ¹⁷⁷ Medstar Orthopaedic Institute, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, D.C.
• ¹⁷⁸ Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
• ¹⁷⁹ Universitätsspital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
• ¹⁸⁰ Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Ill.
• ¹⁸¹ Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, N.Y.
• ¹⁸² Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan.
• ¹⁸³ National University Hospital, Singapore.
• ¹⁸⁴ Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom.
• ¹⁸⁵ Duke University, Durham, NC.
• ¹⁸⁶ Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tirol, Austria.
• ¹⁸⁷ Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
• ¹⁸⁸ Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
• ¹⁸⁹ Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont.
• ¹⁹⁰ Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Que.
• ¹⁹¹ Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont.
• ¹⁹² Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.
• ¹⁹³ Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.
• ¹⁹⁴ Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.
• ¹⁹⁵ Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University Health Center, Montréal, Que.
• ¹⁹⁶ London Health Sciences Centre Spine Program, and Division of Orthopedics, Western University, London, Ont.
• ¹⁹⁷ Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
• ¹⁹⁸ Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
• ¹⁹⁹ Spine Surgery, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ont.
• ²⁰⁰ Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
• ²⁰¹ Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto, Ont.
• ²⁰² Hôpital de Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, Que.
• ²⁰³ Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
• ²⁰⁴ Spine Surgery-Hospital Ortopédico do Estado (Soc. Ben. Israelita Albert Einstein), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
• ²⁰⁵ Hôpital de Chicoutimi, Saguenay, Que.
• ²⁰⁶ Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
• ²⁰⁷ Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
• ²⁰⁸ Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Que.
• ²⁰⁹ Nova Scotia Health, Halifax, N.S.
• ²¹⁰ Unity Health Toronto, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont.
• ²¹¹ Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.
• ²¹² Trident Medical Center, North Charleston, SC.
• ²¹³ Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
• ²¹⁴ Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
• ²¹⁵ University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif.
• ²¹⁶ Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
• ²¹⁷ University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
• ²¹⁸ Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
• ²¹⁹ Hospital Universitari de la Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.
• ²²⁰ University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.
• ²²¹ Nottingham, University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
• ²²² The Children's Hospital Westmead, St. Leonards, Australia.
• ²²³ New York Presbyterian, New York, N.Y.
• ²²⁴ Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
• ²²⁵ Healthcare Institution of South Iceland, Selfoss, Arborg, Iceland.
• ²²⁶ Shifa College of Medicine, Islamabad, Pakistan.
• ²²⁷ Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Albacete University Hospital Complex, Albacete, Spain.
• ²²⁸ Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
• ²²⁹ School of Superior Sciences of Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória-EMESCAM, Vitoria, Espirito Santos, Brazil.
• ²³⁰ School of Science of Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória -EMESCAM, Vitoria, Espirito Santo, Brazil.
• ²³¹ Federal University of Espírito Santo-UFES, Vitoria, Espirito Santo, Brazil.
• ²³² Edremit State Hospital, Balikesir, Turkey.
• ²³³ David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif.
• ²³⁴ Department of Neurosurgery, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES) Vitoria, Espirito Santos, Brazil.
• ²³⁵ Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.
• ²³⁶ Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.
• ²³⁷ NSW Spine Specialists, Sydney, Australia.
• ²³⁸ University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
• ²³⁹ Alberta Spine Foundation, Calgary, Alta.
• ²⁴⁰ UTHealth Houston, Houston, Tex.
• ²⁴¹ Acibadem Maslak Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
• ²⁴² The Spine Hospital, New York, N.Y.
• ²⁴³ Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
• ²⁴⁴ University of California, San Francisco, Calif.
• ²⁴⁵ Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
• ²⁴⁶ Sint Maartenskliniek Nijmegen, Ubbergen, Gelderland, Netherlands.
• ²⁴⁷ University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
• ²⁴⁸ University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Mn.
• ²⁴⁹ AO Foundation, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
• ²⁵⁰ Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.
• ²⁵¹ Centre hospitalier de l'Université (CHU) de Montréal, Montréal, Que.
• ²⁵² CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Que.
• ²⁵³ King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
• ²⁵⁴ Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Que.
• ²⁵⁵ Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
• ²⁵⁶ University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
• ²⁵⁷ Fatima Memorial Hospital, Fatima, India.
• ²⁵⁸ Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
• ²⁵⁹ Jinnah Medical and Dental College, Karachi City, Pakistan.
• ²⁶⁰ Department of Neurosurgery, Federal University of Espirito Santo-UFES, Vitoria, Espirito Santos, Brazil.
• ²⁶¹ Division of Neurosurgery, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ont.
• ²⁶² Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research Network, Toronto, Ont.
• ²⁶³ Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ont.
• ²⁶⁴ Clinique St. Jean Sud de France, Montpellier, France.
• ²⁶⁵ Hospital Privado Universitario de Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina.
• ²⁶⁶ CHU de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
• ²⁶⁷ Osaka Metropolitan University, Abeno Ward, Osaka, Japan.
• ²⁶⁸ Shimada Hospital, Habikino, Osaka, Japan.
• ²⁶⁹ University Nove de Julho, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
• ²⁷⁰ Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Cuyo, Argentina.
• ²⁷¹ Hospital Ortopedico do Estado, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
• ²⁷² Universté de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.
• ²⁷³ UPMC Presbyterian, Pittsburgh, Penn.
• ²⁷⁴ Horizon Health Network Department of Neurosurgery, Saint John, N.B.
• ²⁷⁵ Dalhousie University Faculty of Medicine, Halifax, N.S.
• ²⁷⁶ l'Hôpital de Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, Que.
• ²⁷⁷ Hospital do Estado, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
• ²⁷⁸ Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Saint John, N.B.
• ²⁷⁹ University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, N.B.
• ²⁸⁰ Faculty of Kinesiology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, N.B.
• ²⁸¹ School of Allied Health, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.
• ²⁸² Division of Neurosurgery, Zone 2, Horizon Health Network, Saint John, N.B.
• ²⁸³ Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont.
• ²⁸⁴ Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont.
• ²⁸⁵ Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
• ²⁸⁶ Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
• ²⁸⁷ University Nove de Julho, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
• ²⁸⁸ Division of Orthopaedics, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.
• ²⁸⁹ Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.
• ²⁹⁰ London Health Sciences Centre Spine Program and Division of Orthopedics, Western University, London, Ont.
• ²⁹¹ École de kinésiologie et des sciences de l'activite physique, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.
• ²⁹² Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Que.
• ²⁹³ Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montréal, Que.
• ²⁹⁴ Department of Anesthesiology, McGill University, Montréal, Que.
• ²⁹⁵ Concordia University, Montréal, Que.
• ²⁹⁶ McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.
• ²⁹⁷ Baune, Montréal, Que.
• ²⁹⁸ Université de Montréal, Orthopedic Surgery, Montréal, Que.
• ²⁹⁹ Hôpital Sacré Coeur de Montréal, Montréal, Que.
• ³⁰⁰ Department of Surgery, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, Que.
• ³⁰¹ Centre de Recherche CHUM, Montréal, Que.
• ³⁰² Research Center, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.
• ³⁰³ Department of Neurosurgery, Vinmec Central Park International Hospital, Vinmec Healthcare System, Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam.
• ³⁰⁴ College of Health Sciences, Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam.
• ³⁰⁵ Shamir Medical Center, Tzreffin, Israel.
• ³⁰⁶ Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Md.
• ³⁰⁷ Centre for Health Services and Policy Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
• ³⁰⁸ Vancouver Spine Surgery Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
• ³⁰⁹ Department of Neurosurgery, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.
• ³¹⁰ Provincial Research Data Services, Calgary/Edmonton, Alta.
• ³¹¹ Alberta Health Services, Calgary/Edmonton, Alta.
• ³¹² ICORD, Vancouver, B.C.
• ³¹³ Shamir Medical Center, Tzzrfin, Israel.
• ³¹⁴ Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.
• ³¹⁵ Cordulla and Gunther Paetzold Chair in Clinical Spinal Cord Research, International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
• ³¹⁶ ICORD, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
• ³¹⁷ Clinica Medular, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
• ³¹⁸ Centre of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, UMC Utrecht Brain Centre, University Medical Centre Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, Netherlands.
• ³¹⁹ Rijndam Rehabilitation Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
• ³²⁰ Department of Spine Cord Injury Rehabilitation, Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
• ³²¹ Department of Surgery (Neurosurgery), Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S.
• ³²² KITE Research Institute, University Health Network, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
• ³²³ Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Royal University Hospital, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask.
• ³²⁴ Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask.
• ³²⁵ Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, North York, Ont.
• ³²⁶ Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Que.
• ³²⁷ Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montréal, Que.
• ³²⁸ G.F. Strong Rehab Centre, University of British Columbia, Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Vancouver, B.C.
• ³²⁹ Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S.
• ³³⁰ Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
• ³³¹ Surgery Department, Orthopedic Division, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.
• ³³² Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke (CHUS), Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, Que.
• ³³³ Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ont.
• ³³⁴ ICES, Toronto, Ont.
• ³³⁵ SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Ont.
• ³³⁶ McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.
• ³³⁷ Combined Spine Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.
• ³³⁸ Musculoskeletal Biomechanics Research Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, Que.
• ³³⁹ Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital, Montréal, Que.
• ³⁴⁰ Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, Que.
• ³⁴¹ CHUM, Montréal, Que.
• ³⁴² Department of Surgery, Neurosurgery, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.
• ³⁴³ Université de Montreal, Montréal, Que.
• ³⁴⁴ Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.
• ³⁴⁵ Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
• ³⁴⁶ Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
• ³⁴⁷ Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont.
• ³⁴⁸ Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
• ³⁴⁹ Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ont.
• ³⁵⁰ The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont.
• ³⁵¹ École de technologie supérieure, Montréal, Que.