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. 1974 Oct;63(1):24-34.
doi: 10.1083/jcb.63.1.24.

Identification of chloroplast coupling factor by freeze-etching and negative-staining techniques

M P Garber, P L Steponkus

Identification of chloroplast coupling factor by freeze-etching and negative-staining techniques

M P Garber et al. J Cell Biol. 1974 Oct.

Abstract

Identification of chloroplast coupling factor particles, by the freeze-etching and negative-staining techniques, was made utilizing chloroplast thylakoids isolated from spinach leaves. Complete removal of particles, comparable in diameter to purified coupling factor particles, from the outer surface of freeze-etched thylakoids was achieved by treatment with 0.8% silicotungstate. Reappearance of particles, comparable in diameter to purified coupling factor particles, on the outer surface of freeze-etched thylakoids was demonstrated by combining silicotungstate-treated thylakoids with purified chloroplast coupling factor. Negative-staining results were in agreement with the freeze-etch data. The results demonstrate that the chloroplast coupling factor particles are exposed on the outer surface.

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