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Meta-Analysis
. 2025 Dec;48(12):e70234.
doi: 10.1002/clc.70234.

GLP-1 and Dual GLP-1/GIP Receptor Agonists in Heart Failure With Mildly Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Mushood Ahmed  1 , Muhammad Burhan  1 , Aimen Shafiq  2 , Tallal Mushtaq Hashmi  1 , Raheel Ahmed  3   4 , Marat Fudim  5   6 , Robert J Mentz  5   6 , Gregg C Fonarow  7
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

GLP-1 and Dual GLP-1/GIP Receptor Agonists in Heart Failure With Mildly Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Mushood Ahmed et al. Clin Cardiol. 2025 Dec.

Abstract

This comprehensive meta-analysis reveals that GLP-1 and dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists are associated with reduced risk of composite cardiovascular endpoints and worsening heart failure events. However, no statistically significant differences were observed regarding all-cause or cardiovascular mortality.

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Conflict of interest statement

Gregg C. Fonarow reported receiving personal fees from Abbott, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Cytokinetics, Eli Lilly, Johnson & Johnson, Medtronic, Merck, Novartis, and Pfizer outside the submitted work. Marat Fudim reported receiving personal fees from Alleviant, Ajax, Alio Health, Alleviant, Artha, Audicor, Axon Therapies, Bayer, Bodyguide, Bodyport, Boston Scientific, Broadview, Cadence, Cardioflow, Cardionomics, Coridea, CVRx, Daxor, Deerfield Catalyst, Edwards LifeSciences, Echosens, EKO, Feldschuh Foundation, Fire1, FutureCardia, Galvani, Gradient, Hatteras, HemodynamiQ, Impulse Dynamics, Intershunt, Medtronic, Merck, NIMedical, NovoNordisk, NucleusRx, NXT Biomedical, Orchestra, Pharmacosmos, PreHealth, Presidio, Procyreon, ReCor, Rockley, SCPharma, Shifamed, Splendo, Summacor, SyMap, Verily, Vironix, Viscardia, and Zoll; and receiving grants from the National Institutes of Health, Doris Duke, outside the submitted work. Robert J. Mentz has received research support and honoraria from Abbott, American Regent, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Boston Scientific, Cytokinetics, Fast BioMedical, Gilead, Innolife, Eli Lilly, Medtronic, Medable, Merck, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Pharmacosmos, Relypsa, Respicardia, Roche, Rocket Pharmaceuticals, Sanofi, Verily, Vifor, Windtree Therapeutics, and Zoll. The other authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Forest plots of (A) composite endpoint, (B) worsening heart failure events, (C) all‐cause death, (D) cardiovascular death.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Subgroup analysis for the primary outcome based on age, sex, BMI, SBP, and use of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. Note: EXSCEL 2024 did not report the data for subgroups.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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