Bioactive glass putty with and without platelet-rich fibrin for periodontal intrabony defects: A prospective comparative study

Abstract

Periodontal treatment aims to halt the advancement of tissue destruction on one hand and promote the regeneration of lost periodontal structures on the other hand. Bioactive glass, an alloplastic bone graft material, supports bone regeneration by enhancing the formation of mineralized extracellular matrix through its adsorptive properties and by providing proteins that aid osteoblast function. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), a self - derived concentrate having growth factors and leukocytes, can significantly influence the cellular processes involved in periodontal regeneration. The fusion of bioactive glass and PRF may offer an effective approach for treating intrabony defects. In a split-mouth study design, 32 intraosseous defects were treated with either Novabone putty (Control site) or a combination of Novabone putty and PRF (Test site). Documentation of clinical variables was done at baseline, 3, 6, and 9 months after surgery and radiographic bone levels were also evaluated at the postsurgical visits. A significant decrease in PPD and an increase in CAL, relative to baseline measurements were observed in both groups. Attachment level showed modest enhancements in test groups. After 9 months, the test group exhibited a greater amount of bone fill compared to the control group. Thus, autologous PRF combined with bioactive glass bone graft (Novabone putty) has proven to be effective in enhancing both clinical and radiographic results for periodontal intrabony defects and offers additional advantages when compared to bone grafts by them.

Keywords: Periodontitis; bioactive glass putty; intrabony defects; periodontal regeneration; platelet rich fibrin.